Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie (PET) in der Neuroonkologie: zunehmender Stellenwert in der interdisziplinären Behandlung von Hirntumoren

Zusammenfassung

Hirntumoren sind eine heterogene Gruppe von bei Erwachsenen insgesamt eher seltenen Neoplasien. Während sie nur ca. 1–2% aller neu diagnostizierten Krebserkrankungen ausmachen, stellen sie aufgrund ihrer eingeschränkten Prognose jedoch oft eine klinische Herausforderung dar. Aufgrund des hohen Weichteilkontrastes ist die Magnetresonanztomografie weiterhin die Modalität der Wahl in der bildgebenden Diagnostik, wobei insbesondere die Abgrenzung von therapieassoziierten Veränderungen von Tumorprogression teils schwierig ist. Daher ist der Stellenwert der Positronen-Emissions-Tomografie (PET) in den letzten Jahren deutlich gewachsen, weshalb diese zunehmend auch bei weiteren Fragestellungen eingesetzt wird. In diesem kurzen Übersichtsartikel soll ein Überblick über den Stellenwert der PET in den wichtigsten Entitäten der Neuroonkologie bei Erwachsenen gegeben werden, wobei der Fokus auf Gliomen, Meningeomen und Hirnmetastasen liegen soll.

Abstract

Brain tumors are a heterogeneous group of overall rare neoplasms in adults. While the account for only 1-2% of newly diagnosed malignancies, they frequently represent a clinical challenge due to their limited prognosis. Magnetic resonance tomography remains the mainstay of diagnostic imaging in brain tumors given the high soft tissue contrast, although the differentiation of treatment-related changes from tumor progression remains challenging. Therefore, the value of positron emission tomography (PET) has been increasingly recognized in past years, and clinical situations where PET adds value are expanding. This short review aims at providing an overview on the value of PET in the most prevalent entities of adult neuro-oncology such as glioma, meningioma, and brain metastasis.

Schlüsselwörter

Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie - Hirntumoren - Neuroonkologie - Gliome - Hirnmetastasen - Meningeome

Keywords

Positron emission tomography - brain tumors - neuro-oncology - glioma - brain metastasis - meningioma

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
02. September 2025

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