Antikörpertestung in der Nierentransplantation

Das HLA-System (HLA: humane Leukozytenantigene) spielt eine wichtige Rolle bei der Transplantation (Tx) der Niere. Daher ist der Nachweis von HLA-Antikörpern vor und nach der Tx entscheidend für die Betreuung des Patienten, wobei verschiedene Verfahren eingesetzt werden. Der Nachweis von donorspezifischen HLA-Antikörpern (DSA) ist gemäß Banff-Klassifikation [1] ein wichtiges Kriterium für die Diagnostik der antikörpervermittelten Abstoßung (ABMR: „antibody-mediated rejection“). Die Untersuchung auf präformierte sowie auf de novo DSA zu verschiedenen Zeitpunkten nach der Tx kann helfen, das individuelle Risiko für eine ABMR zu beurteilen.

Abstract

The HLA system (HLA: human leukocyte antigens) is important for kidney transplantation. Therefore, the detection of HLA antibodies before and after transplantation is crucial for patient monitoring. Various methods of HLA antibody testing are used. According to the Banff classification [1], the detection of donor-specific HLA antibodies (DSA) is an important criterion for the diagnosis of antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR). Testing for preformed and de novo DSA at different times after transplantation can help to assess the individual risk of ABMR.

Schlüsselwörter

HLA-Antikörper - Nierentransplantation - antikörpervermittelte Abstoßung

Key words

HLA antibodies - kidney transplantation - antibody-mediated rejection

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