Abstract
Background As the number of extremity amputations continues to rise, so does the demand for
prosthetics. Emphasizing the importance of a nerve interface that effectively amplifies
and transmits physiological signals through peripheral nerve surgery is crucial for
achieving intuitive control. The regenerative peripheral nerve interface (RPNI) is
recognized for its potential to provide this technical support. Through animal experiment,
we aimed to confirm the actual occurrence of signal amplification.
Methods Rats were divided into three experimental groups: control, common peroneal nerve
transection, and RPNI. Nerve surgeries were performed for each group, and electromyography
(EMG) and nerve conduction studies (NCS) were conducted at the initial surgery, as
well as at 2, 4, and 8 weeks postoperatively.
Results All implemented RPNIs exhibited viability and displayed adequate vascularity with
the proper color. Clear differences in latency and amplitude were observed before
and after 8 weeks of surgery in all groups (p < 0.05). Notably, the RPNI group demonstrated a significantly increased amplitude
compared with the control group after 8 weeks (p = 0.031). Latency increased in all groups 8 weeks after surgery. The RPNI group exhibited
relatively clear signs of denervation with abnormal spontaneous activities (ASAs)
during EMG.
Conclusion This study is one of few preclinical studies that demonstrate the electrophysiological
effects of RPNI and validate the neural signals. It serves as a foundational step
for future research in human–machine interaction and nerve interfaces.
Keywords
peripheral nerve - nerve interface - RPNI
