Welche Phytotherapeutika werden in medizinischen Leitlinien zur Behandlung gastroenterologischer Erkrankungen berücksichtigt?* 

Zusammenfassung

Die zunehmende Beliebtheit und wachsende Wirksamkeitsevidenz führen dazu, dass Phytotherapeutika vermehrt in medizinische Leitlinien integriert werden. Entsprechend der aktuellen wissenschaftlichen Datenlage werden gerade bei gastroenterologischen Erkrankungen einige Empfehlungen für die Anwendung von Phytotherapeutika ausgesprochen. Phytotherapeutika wie Pfefferminzöl oder Kümmelölauflagen werden beispielsweise beim Reizdarmsyndrom zur Symptomlinderung empfohlen. Bei chronischer Obstipation und Colitis ulcerosa werden Ballaststoffe wie Flohsamen empfohlen. Bei Colitis ulcerosa kann die Kombination von Myrrhe, Kamillenblütenextrakt und Kaffeekohle komplementär in der remissionserhaltenden Behandlung eingesetzt werden. Einige Phytotherapeutika (z.B. Wermut [Artemisia absinthium], Weihrauch [Boswellia serrata]) zeigen Wirksamkeitshinweise zur Behandlung von Morbus Crohn, jedoch ist die Datenlage noch nicht ausreichend für Empfehlungen. Einige klare Empfehlungen für den Einsatz von Phytotherapeutika zur Behandlung gastroenterologischer Erkrankungen zeigen ihr großes Wirkspektrum. Aufgrund ihrer zusätzlich hohen Verträglichkeit können sie sehr gut komplementär zu herkömmlichen Medikamenten eingesetzt werden. Dennoch sind weitere qualitativ hochwertige Wirkungsstudien für weitere Empfehlungen erforderlich.

Abstract

There is increasing popularity and growing evidence of efficacy of phytotherapeutics which is a pointer to their increasing integration into medical guidelines. Based on current scientific data, a number of recommendations for the use of phytotherapeutics are under consideration, particularly for gastroenterological diseases. As examples, phytotherapeutics such as peppermint oil or caraway oil are recommended for symptom relief in irritable bowel syndrome. Similarly dietary fibre such as psyllium husks are recommended for chronic constipation and ulcerative colitis. With regard to ulcerative colitis, the combination of myrrh, chamomile flower extract and coffee charcoal can be used as complementary treatment to maintain remission. Some phytotherapeutics, e. g. wormwood (Artemisia absinthium, herba), frankincense (Boswellia serrata, resina) exhibit indications of efficacy in the treatment of Crohn’s disease. However, there is hitherto insufficient data for reliable recommendations. Nonetheless, there are some clearer recommendations for the use of phytotherapeutics in the treatment of gastroenterological diseases with a broad spectrum of efficacy. The high tolerability of such drugs makes them an appropriate complement to conventional medications. However, there is need for more high-quality efficacy research in order to offer further targeted recommendations.

Schlüsselwörter

Leitlinien - gastroenterologische Erkrankungen - Phytotherapie - Phytopharmaka - pflanzliche Arzneimittel

Key words

Guidelines - gastroenterological diseases - phytotherapy - phytopharmaceuticals - herbal medicines

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