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DOI: 10.1055/a-2540-9824
Hypoglykäme Ketoazidose – ein endokriner Notfall
Hypoglycaemic ketoacidosis – an endocrine emergency
Zusammenfassung
Anamnese
Eine 20-jährige Patientin wurde via Rettungsdienst mit Vigilanz-Minderung und Schock in die Notaufnahme eingeliefert. Bislang waren außer Übergewicht keine relevanten Vorerkrankungen bekannt.
Untersuchungen
Die Patientin demonstrierte sich hypotensiv, tachykard, hypertherm und somnolent mit bräunlichem Hautkolorit. Computertomografisch stellte sich ein diffuses Hirnödem dar. Laborchemisch fielen Infektzeichen, eine Hyponatriämie, ein Nierenversagen, eine kombinierte metabolische Azidose mit erheblicher Ketonämie und geringfügiger Laktatämie, eine primäre Hypothyreose und eine Nebennierenrinden-Insuffizienz auf. Ein Anhaltspunkt für einen Diabetes mellitus ergab sich nicht. Die Infektquelle konnte nicht ausgemacht werden.
Diagnose
Akute Addison-Krise bei Sepsis als Erstmanifestation eines autoimmunbedingten pluriglandulären Syndroms (APS) Typ 2.
Therapie und Verlauf
Unter Therapie, zunächst mit Hydrokortison und Breitband-Antibiotika, supportiven Maßnahmen sowie L-Thyroxin im Verlauf konnte die Situation innerhalb weniger Tage stabilisiert werden.
Folgerung
Die Kombination aus Hunger-Stoffwechsel und endokrinen Erkrankungen kann auch in Abwesenheit eines Diabetes mellitus zu einer Ketoazidose führen. Differenzialdiagnostisch sollte insbesondere eine Nebennierenrinden-Insuffizienz erwogen werden.
Abstract
History and clinical findings
A 20-year-old female patient was admitted via the medical emergency service to an accident and emergency department. Apart from obesity, no pre-existing medical conditions were known.
Medical examinations
The patient presented with hypotension, tachycardia, fever, somnolence and a brownish complexion. Computerised tomography revealed a diffuse cerebral oedema. Laboratory investigations demonstrated elevated inflammatory biomarkers, hyponatremia, renal failure, combined metabolic acidosis with severe ketonemia and slight lactatemia, primary hypothyroidism and adrenal failure. No indications for diabetes mellitus were obtained. The source of the infection could not be identified.
Diagnosis
Acute Addisonian crisis in the course of sepsis as the primary manifestation of autoimmune pluriglandular syndrome (APS) type 2.
Therapy and course
Due to treatment with initial hydrocortisone and broad-spectrum antibiotics, supportive measures and levothyroxine (in the further course) the situation could be stabilised within several days.
Conclusion
The combination of the metabolism of starvation and endocrine diseases can lead to ketoacidosis in the absence of diabetes. The differential diagnosis of adrenal failure should be considered in this situation.
Schlüsselwörter
Ketonämie - Ketoazidose - Addison-Krise - Hormonsensitive Lipase - NebennierenrindeninsuffizienzPublikationsverlauf
Artikel online veröffentlicht:
19. Mai 2025
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