Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) remains a significant global health challenge,
necessitating more effective therapeutic strategies. This study was to observe
the impact of semaglutide on the C-Peptide levels and glycemic variability. This
retrospective evaluation was conducted from January 2020 to January 2023 at our
hospital, involving 172 patients diagnosed with T2DM. Patients were stratified
into two groups: the observation group (86 patients) received semaglutide
injections plus metformin, and the control group (86 patients) received only
metformin. Treatment efficacy was assessed using changes in HbA1c, fasting blood
glucose (FBG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (2 h BG), and C-Peptide levels.
Additional evaluations included changes in glycemic variability indicators such
as standard deviation of blood glucose (SDBG), mean of daily differences (MODD),
and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE). The observation group showed
significantly greater improvements in glycemic control and C-Peptide levels
compared to the control group. Specifically, the observation group achieved a
significant reduction in HbA1c from 70 mmol/mol to 53 mmol/mol, FBG from 10.91
mmol/l to 6.12 mmol/l, and increased C-Peptide levels in both fasting and
postprandial states. Improvements in glycemic variability were also more
pronounced in the observation group. There was no significant difference in the
incidence of adverse events between the two groups. Semaglutide combined with
metformin significantly enhances the efficacy of treatment in T2DM patients,
with marked improvements in C-Peptide levels, glycemic control, and reduction in
glycemic variability. This combination therapy not only offers superior glucose
management but also appears to bolster pancreatic function.
Keywords
type 2 diabetes mellitus - semaglutide - C-peptide - glycemic control - glycemic variability
