Entwicklung des „Mannheimer Multikomponenten-Stress-Test” (MMST)

Zusammenfassung

Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Entwicklung und Evaluation eines ökonomischen, standardisierten Stress- Paradigmas, das zur Untersuchung von individuellen Stressreaktionen unter Laborbedingungen eingesetzt werden kann. Hierzu wurde zunächst die Kombination verschiedener stressauslösender Reize hinsichtlich ihrer Wirkung auf Herzfrequenz und subjektives Stresserleben untersucht. Den höchsten Anstieg im objektiven und subjektiven Stresslevel zeigte eine Kombination aus Kopfrechenaufgaben, Lärm und emotional belastenden Bildern, welche während der Lösung der Kopfrechenaufgaben im Hintergrund präsentiert wurden. Diese Stresskombination wurde an einer unabhängigen Stichprobe mit 32 gesunden Probanden hinsichtlich physiologischer Reaktionsmuster evaluiert. Es zeigten sich rasche, signifikante Veränderungen der primären Untersuchungsparameter Herzratenvariabilität, Baroreflexsensitivität und Impedanzkardiografie. Der Mannheimer Multikomponenten-Stress-Test (MMST) ermöglicht eine standardisierte, starke Stressinduktion innerhalb kurzer Zeit und stellt somit einen effektiven und ökonomischen Stresstest zur Untersuchung von Stressreaktionen dar.

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to develop and evaluate an economical stress paradigm, which can be used for the investigation of stress reactions in a laboratory setting. Different stressors were combined to investigate the changes of heart frequency and subjective stress levels as response to stressful stimulation. A combination of mental stress, noise and emotional pictures presented in the background during performing a mental arithmetic task showed significant increases in heart rate and subjective stress levels. Furthermore we tested the stress combination in 32 healthy subjects to evaluate the physiological response. We found significant changes in the cardiovascular parameters such as heart rate variability, baroreflex sensitivity and cardiac output. We conclude that the Mannheim Multicomponent Stress Test (MMST) induces high levels of physiological and psychological stress and can serve as an economical method to investigate stress reactions in a laboratory setting.

Key words

stress - stress paradigm - heart rate - subjective stress experiencing

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