Zusammenfassung
Die Behandlung akut lebensbedrohlicher Zustände setzt in der Regel für erweiterte
Maßnahmen einen venösen Zugang voraus. In den im November 2005 publizierten aktuellen
Leitlinien des European Resuscitation Council (ERC) wird der Stellenwert des intraossären
Zuganges neu geregelt. Trotzdem hat sich 2 Jahre nach den Guidelines der intraossäre
Zugang beim Erwachsenen bisher nur sporadisch durchgesetzt. Die Umsetzung des wissenschaftlichen
Erkenntnisgewinns in die klinische Praxis dauert in der Regel mehrere Jahre. In dem
vorliegenden Artikel werden die Grundlagen der Literatur und 2 Fallberichte dargestellt,
die Vertrauen in eine Methode schaffen sollen, die dem Notarzt als Alternative zum
periphervenösen Zugang gute Dienste leisten kann.
Abstract
The treatment of acute life threatening conditions normally requires intravenous access
for further therapeutic measures. In the current guidelines of the European Resuscitation
Council (ERC), published in November 2005, the significance of intraosseous access
had been newly regulated. Nevertheless two years after publication of these guidelines,
intraosseous acccess in adults is still only implemented sporadically. The translation
of scientific knowledge into clinical practise takes several years as a general rule.
The following article illustrates the basic literature and two case reports, and is
designed to inspire trust in a method, which can provide a useful alternative to peripheral
venous access for the emergency physician.
Schlüsselwörter:
Intraossärer Zugang - Notfallmedizin - invasive Notfalltechniken
Keywords:
intraosseous access - adult emergency - invasive emergency technique - emergency medicine
Kernaussagen
Der intraossäre Zugang ist beim erwachsenen Patienten ein seit Jahrzehnten etabliertes
Verfahren in der Notfallmedizin. Er wird deshalb in den ERC–Guidelines mit dem Evidenzgrad
IIb empfohlen.
Die Dosierung von Medikamenten sowie die Erfolgs– und Komplikationsraten entsprechen
denen des periphervenösen Zugangs. Zahlreiche gut untersuchte Punktionsorte stehen
zur Verfügung.
Bei der Anwendung des IO–Zugangs beim bewusstseinsklaren Erwachsenen ist Schmerztherapiekonzept
erforderlich.
Reanimationen und Polytraumaversorgung sind in der Präklinik über den intraossären
Zugang möglich.
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Dr. med. Michael Toursarkissian Dr. med. Jan Breckwoldt Dr. med. Willi Schmidbauer Prof. Dr. med. Claudia Spies
Email: michael.toursarkissian@charite.de
Email: jan.breckwoldt@charite.de
Email: willischmidbauer@bundeswehr.org
Email: claudia.spies@charite.de