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DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1244833
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Versorgung von Patienten mit obstruktiver Schlafapnoe in kardiologischen Praxen und Kliniken
Management of sleep-related abnormal breathing by cardiologists and hospital departments of cardiologyPublication History
eingereicht: 11.8.2009
akzeptiert: 22.10.2009
Publication Date:
26 January 2010 (online)

Zusamenfassung
Hintergrund und Fragestellung: Die Prävalenz schlafbezogener Atmungsstörungen in der Gesamtbevölkerung ist hoch. Ein wichtiger Prädiktor dafür sind neben dem Hauptsymptom der exzessiven Tagesschläfrigkeit vorhandene Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen wie arterieller Hypertonus, Herzinsuffizienz, Herzrhythmusstörungen und Schlaganfall. Sind es die Kardiologen, die diese Patienten auch erkennen und der weiterführenden Diagnostik und Therapie zuführen?
Methoden: Wir führten eine Erhebung bei niedergelassenen Kardiologen sowie in kardiologischen Kliniken und Rehabilitationseinrichtungen in Deutschland durch, um das Wissen über die Schlafapnoe sowie das praktische, diagnostische und therapeutische Vorgehen bei Patienten mit Verdacht auf eine obstruktive Schlafapnoe zu erfragen. Alle Rehakliniken und jede zweite im medführer® aufgeführte Praxis bzw. Klinik wurde kontaktiert.
Ergebnisse: 98 % der 388 niedergelassenen Kardiologen wissen um die Schlafapnoe. 94,3 % fragen gezielt nach einer schlafmedizinischen Erkrankung und speziell nach Tagesschläfrigkeit. Mehr als die Hälfte (59,5 %) der Kardiologen stellt aufgrund der Anamnese eine Verdachtsdiagnose aber nur 32,7 % halten selbst das ambulante Schlafapnoe-Monitoring vor. Die meisten Patienten werden in ein Schlaflabor überwiesen. In 60 % der kardiologischen Kliniken wird eine Polygraphie durchgeführt. Die weitergehende Diagnostik erfolgt in einem kooperierenden Schlaflabor (zu 66,4 %), da nur 22,4 % selbst ein Schlaflabor haben. Schwerpunkt ist die Diagnostik zentraler und obstruktiver Atmungsstörungen. Mehr als zwei Drittel der Kliniken führen auch nächtliche Beatmungstherapien durch.
Folgerung: Das Wissen um die Schlafapnoe ist bei niedergelassenen und klinisch tätigen Kardiologen vorhanden. Die Anwendung des ambulanten Monitoring innerhalb der Stufendiagnostik der obstruktiven Schlafapnoe und die stationäre schlafmedizinische Versorgung in kardiologischen Einrichtungen sollte verbessert werden.
Abstract
Background and objectives: In the general population there is a high prevalence of sleep-related disorders of breathing (sleep apnea). In addition to being leading symptom of excessive day-time sleepiness they are also important predictors are cardiovascular disease such as arterial hypertension, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias and stroke. Are the cardiologists the specialists who recognize such patients and refer them to diagnostic procedures and treatment?
Methods: We sent out a questionnaires to cardiologists in private practice, to hospitals with cardiology departments and to cardiology rehabilitation units in Germany in order to assess the knowledge about sleep apnea and of the current diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in patients with suspected sleep apnea. All cardiology rehabilitation units and every other practice and cardiology department listed in the reference book ’Medführer’ were approached.
Results: 98 % of 388 cardiologists with private practice were found to know about the disorder sleep apnea. 94.3 % routinely asked their patients about any sleep disorder and specifically about excessive day-time sleepiness. More than half of the cardiologists (59.3 %) questioned patients about possible sleep apnea as part of their interview, but only 32.7 % carried out tests with a portable sleep apnea monitor. Most patients were referred to a sleep center. In 60 % of the cardiology departments a portable sleep apnea monitor was used. Further diagnostic investigation followed in collaborating sleep centers (66.4 %), because only 22.4 % of the departments had a sleep laboratories. The main focus was on the diagnosis of abnormal slepp due to central or obstructive disorders of breathing. More than two thirds of the cardiology departments initiate nocturnal ventilation treatment.
Conclusion: Cardiologists in private practice and cardiologists in hospital departments know about sleep-related abnormal breathing. The use of portable sleep apnea monitors and of polysomnography in special as parts of sleep centers within cardiology departments should be improved.
Schlüsselwörter
Schlafmedizin - Versorgung - Schlafapnoe
Keywords
sleep apnea - sleep monitoring - sleep-related abnormal breathing
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Prof. Dr. Thomas Penzel
Interdisziplinäres Schlafmedizinisches
Zentrum, Klinik für Kardiologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Charitéplatz 1
10117 Berlin
Phone: 030/450513160
Fax: 030/450513906
Email: thomas.penzel@charite.de