Diagnostik und Therapie gastroenterologischer Ursachen von Dysphagie bei Säuglingen und Kleinkindern

Zusammenfassung

Säuglinge und Kinder mit Dysphagie haben ein erhöhtes Risiko für Mangelernährung und Gedeihstörungen. Die sorgfältige Beobachtung des Kindes durch die Eltern während der Nahrungsaufnahme und regelmäßige Besuche beim Kinderarzt lassen Dysphagiesymptome und deren Folgen schnell erkennen. Häufige Ursachen für eine Dysphagie sind die chronische Refluxerkrankung und zunehmend auch die eosinophile Ösophagitis. Der vorliegende Artikel fokussiert auf den klinischen Symptomen und den potenziellen diagnostischen Algorithmen beider Erkrankungen und zeigt differenzierte therapeutische Ansätze bei Säuglingen, Kleinkindern und Jugendlichen.

Abstract

Infants and children with symptoms of dysphagia have a high risk of malnutrition and growth retardation. A careful observation of the child during feeding and the regular assessment of its body weight and growth by the paediatrician are mandatory to detect early signs and symptoms of swallowing disorders. Among the many causes, chronic reflux disease and eosinophilic oesophagitis are frequent reasons for dysphagia in children. The present article is focused on the clinical symptoms of and diagnostic algorithms for children with of trhe two either disease and introduces various therapeutic options in accordance with the child's age.

Schlüsselwörter

Dysphagie - Reflux - GERD - Soor - eosinophile Ösophagitis - Achalasie

Key words

dysphagia - reflux - GERD - thrush - eosinophilic oesophagitis - achalasia

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