Zusammenfassung
Entzündliche Veränderungen oder Tumoren führen zu einer Veränderung der normalen Gewebestruktur.
Dies führt in der Regel zu einer Verhärtung der Gewebestruktur, d. h. zu einer Veränderung
des Elastizitätsmodulus. Die Darstellung der Gewebeelastizitäten kann einen potenziell
wichtigen Beitrag für die Diagnostik von Tumorerkrankungen und inflammatorischen Prozessen
liefern. Sonografische Verfahren zur Abbildung der elastischen Gewebeeigenschaften
wurden in den letzten Jahren entwickelt und experimentell evaluiert. Das Prinzip der
Elastizitätsdarstellung beruht auf der unterschiedlichen Verformbarkeit und Verschieblichkeit
von einem Objekt in einem elastisch unterschiedlichen Medium. Unter anderem wird sich
unter gleicher Druckbelastung das weichere Gewebe stärker verformen als festere Gewebestrukturen.
Diese Verformung wird aus den Ultraschalldaten abgeleitet und visualisiert. Die Untersuchung
wird mit Standardschallsonden ohne zusätzliche Apparaturen durchgeführt (Systeme zur
Messung der eingeleiteten Drucks, Vibrationsquellen, etc.), ähnlich einer Farbdoppleruntersuchung.
Die Berechnung der Elastizitätsverhältnisse erfolgt in Echtzeit, die Ergebnisse werden
dem konventionellen B-Bild farbkodiert überlagert. In der folgenden Übersicht werden
Anwendungsmöglichkeiten dargestellt.
Abstract
It is well known that inflammatory conditions and tumours lead to an alteration of
the normal tissue structure causing hardening of the tissue and an alteration of its
elasticity. The elasticity modulus is a measure of the stress which is applied to
tissue structures relative to the strain or deformation produced. The assessment and
visualisation of tissue elasticity provides the clinician with potentially important
information that can be used in the diagnosis of tumours and inflammatory conditions.
Various ultrasound techniques have been developed and experimentally evaluated in
the last few years to visualise the elastic properties of tissue. Soft tissues will
be compressed more than hard tissue structures under the same pressure. This deformation
can be detected from the ultrasound data and can be displayed. The SonoElastography
modality described here uses standard ultrasound probes and there is no requirement
for additional equipment such as pressure or vibration measurement systems, etc. The
implementation is similar to a conventional Colour Doppler examination. The measurement
of the tissue elasticity is acquired in real-time and presented as a colour overlay
of the conventional B-Mode image. In the following article applications are discussed.
Schlüsselwörter
Ultraschall - endoskopischer Ultraschall - SonoElastografie
Key words
ultrasound - endoscopic ultrasound - SonoElastography
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Prof. Dr. C. F. Dietrich
Innere Medizin 2 · Caritas-Krankenhaus Bad Mergentheim
Uhlandstr. 7
D-97980 Bad Mergentheim
Phone: 49 / (0) 79 31 / 58 22 01
Fax: 49 / (0) 79 31 / 58 22 90
Email: Christoph.dietrich@ckbm.de
