Molybdenum Hexacarbonyl Mediated CO Gas-Free Carbonylative Reactions

Abstract

This Account summarizes predominately our own experiences in developing microwave-heated palladium-catalyzed Mo(CO)₆-mediated gas-free carbonylative reactions, although contributions from other groups, including non-palladium-catalyzed examples, have also been covered. Presented reactions include amino-, amido-, and alkoxycarbonylations as well as carbonylative cyclizations and carbonylative cross-couplings, using Mo(CO)₆ as a solid source of CO. The methodology was developed mainly for rapid small-scale applications, avoiding the problematic use of gaseous CO in a standard laboratory. In most cases, the reported Mo(CO)₆-mediated carbonylations were conducted in sealed vessels and with reaction times of less than 1 hour. The Account also highlights relevant applications in medicinal and high-speed chemistry.

1 Introduction

2 Mo(CO)₆-Promoted Carbonylations - The Beginning

3 Aminocarbonylations

4 Amidocarbonylations

5 Alkoxy- and Hydroxycarbonylations

6 Carbonylative Ring Closing of Aryl Halides

7 Carbonylative Cross-Couplings

8 Palladium-Free Mo(CO)₆-Promoted Carbonylations

9 Summary and Outlook

carbonylation - molybdenum - multicomponent reaction - palladium - catalysis

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