Vitamin D und die angeborene Immunabwehr der Haut

Zusammenfassung

Neben seiner Rolle im Knochenwechsel übernimmt Vitamin D bislang wenig beachtete Steuerungsfunktionen innerhalb des angeborenen und des erworbenen Immunsystems. Unter anderem reguliert Vitamin D die Produktion von antimikrobiellen Peptiden – körpereigenen Antibiotika mit weiteren Immunfunktionen – in der Haut und an anderen Körperoberflächen. Antimikrobielle Peptide spielen in der Pathogenese und Verlauf verschiedener Hauterkrankungen, wie dem atopischen Ekzem (Neurodermitis) oder der Psoriasis (Schuppenflechte), eine wichtige Rolle. Der Vitamin-D-Signalweg könnte deshalb einen möglichen Ansatzpunkt für die Beeinflussung von Immunstörungen bei diesen Hauterkrankungen bieten. In vorliegenden Übersichtsartikel wird die Funktion des Vitamin-D-Signalwegs innerhalb des angeborenen Immunsystems bei entzündlichen Dermatosen diskutiert.

Abstract

Besides its role in bone metabolism vitamin D is involved in important regulatory mechanisms within the innate and adaptive immune system. In particular, vitamin D affects the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). AMPs are endogenous ‘antibiotics’, produced my man himself with further immune regulatory functions in the skin and other epithelial surfaces. AMPs play a central role in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory skin diseases such as atopic eczema or psoriasis. Therefore, the vitamin D signal pathway could serve as a treatment target for those diseases. In this review we discuss the role of the vitamin D signalling pathway in the context of innate immunity in inflammatory skin diseases.

Schlüsselwörter

Angeborenes Immunsystem - Entzündliche Hauterkrankungen - Antimikrobielle Peptide - Cathelicidin LL-37 - Vitamin D - Psoriasis - Atopisches Ekzem

Keywords

innate immunity - inflammatory skin diseases - antimicrobial peptides - cathelicidin LL-37 - vitamin D - psoriasis - atopic eczema

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