Komplementärmedizin. Was ist komplementäre Medizin?

Komplementäre und alternative Medizin (KAM) werden häufig in einem Atemzug genannt – dabei ist es gerade in der Onkologie wichtig, einen wesentlichen Unterschied zu beachten: Alternative Medizin lehnt die Überprüfbarkeit in präklinischen und klinischen Studien meist ab, geht von wissenschaftlichen nicht bewiesenen oder sogar widerlegten Konzepten zur Tumorgenese aus, die sich häufig an laienätiologischen Konzepten orientieren und damit eine große Überzeugungskraft entwickeln können. Komplementäre Medizin dagegen versteht sich als ergänzende Medizin, die auf dem Boden der wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse zu Tumorentstehung und -therapie steht und die Grundlagen der onkologischen Therapie respektiert. Der Unterschied zur konventionellen Medizin liegt also im Wesentlichen im niedrigen Evidenzgrad der Komplementärtherapie. Ihr Einsatz erfolgt nur in ausgewählten Fällen auch zur unmittelbaren Therapieunterstützung, vorwiegend erfolgt sie in supportiver Intention.

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