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Aktuelle Neurologie 2014; 41(05): 277-286
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1370090
Übersicht
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Aktivierende Therapie bei Morbus Parkinson

Non-Pharmacological Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease
G. Ebersbach
Fachkrankenhaus für Bewegungsstörungen/Parkinson, Beelitz-Heilstätten
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Publication History

Publication Date:
18 June 2014 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Bei den meisten Patienten mit Parkinson-Erkrankung kommt es durch die im langfristigen Verlauf auftretenden Störungen der Sprech- und Schluckfunktionen, der Körperhaltung, des Gehens und des Gleichgewichts trotz medikamentöser (und chirurgischer) Therapie zu starken Behinderungen und negativen Auswirkungen auf die Lebensqualität. Physiotherapie, Ergotherapie, Logopädie und andere aktivierende Therapieverfahren werden schon seit langer Zeit auf weitgehend empirischer Basis angewendet, um den pharmakoresistenten motorischen Störungen entgegenzuwirken. In den letzten Jahren wurde die Wirksamkeit der aktivierenden Therapien zunehmend durch methodisch hochwertige Studien untermauert. Zusätzlich haben Untersuchungen am Tiermodell der Parkinson-Erkrankung Hinweise erbracht, dass körperliche Aktivität neben den unmittelbaren Trainingseffekten auch positive Auswirkungen auf neurodegenerative Prozesse und den Krankheitsverlauf haben könnte. Ziel dieses Übersichtartikels ist es, den Stellenwert der aktivierenden Therapie im Management der Parkinson-Erkrankung darzustellen.

Abstract

Long-term complications of Parkinson’s disease (PD) including impairments of speech, swallowing, posture, gait and balance are associated with significant disability. Even with optimal pharmacological (and surgical) interventions, these deficits cannot be controlled satisfactorily in the majority of patients, resulting in a negative impact on quality of life. Rehabilitative measures including physiotherapy, speech training and occupational therapy are often implemented on an empirical basis to counteract the progressive pharmaco-resistant motor disturbances. Studies meeting high methodological standards have been published on this field in recent years, making rehabilitative therapy more evidence-based. In addition, basic science research in animal models of PD has documented the value of exercise for improving motor performance and potentially slowing progression of motor symptoms and neural degeneration. The present article reviews the role of exercise and rehabilitation in the management of PD.

Schlüsselwörter

Parkinson - Physiotherapie - Ergotherapie - Rehabilitation - aktivierende Therapie

Keywords

Parkinson’s disease - physiotherapy - occupational therapy - rehabilitation - exercise
 

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