Die Körperdysmorphe Störung: Was Rhinochirurgen darüber wissen sollten

Zusammenfassung

Die Körperdysmorphe Störung, KDS, ist eine psychiatrische Erkrankung, welche durch eine gestörte Selbstwahrnehmung charakterisiert ist. Einem vom Patienten als schwerwiegend empfundenen Makel steht kein oder nur ein gering ausgeprägter objektivierbarer Befund entgegen. Patienten, die unter KDS leiden, erkennen meist die psychiatrische Ursache Ihrer Beschwerden nicht an und erhoffen sich eine Beschwerdelinderung durch eine ästhetische oder kosmetische Operation. Durch die exponierte Lage der Nase im Gesicht wird sie zu einem der am häufigsten betroffenen Körperteile. Daher ist die Rhinoplastik vermutlich eine der am häufigsten nachgefragten und durchgeführten Operationen bei dieser Patientengruppe. Inzwischen herrscht Übereinstimmung, dass die KDS als eine Kontraindikation für plastische Operationen angesehen werden sollte, da ein zufriedenstellendes Ergebnis unwahrscheinlich ist [1] [2] [3] [4] [5]. Um aufgrund einer KDS unnötige Operationen zu vermeiden und aufgrund der wachsenden Relevanz der medico-legalen Argumente, sollte jeder Rhinochirurg mit der KDS vertraut sein. Dieser Artikel liefert eine Übersicht über die für den Rhinochirurgen wichtigsten Aspekte der Körperdysmorphen Störung.

Abstract

Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by an excessive concern with a non-existing or slight defect in physical appearance. BDD patients frequently show impaired judgment regarding the psychiatric origin of their concerns and often seek aesthetic treatment to resolve their appearance concerns. The central position of the nose in the face makes the nose one of the most common areas of concern in patients with BDD. Thus, aesthetic rhinoplasty is suspected to be one of the most frequently requested and performed surgical procedures in this population. However, there is a growing consensus that BDD should be considered a contraindication for aesthetic rhinoplasty, as favourable outcome is unlike [1–5]. In order to prevent patients from undergoing unsatisfying surgery and in the context of the increasing importance of medico-legal arguments, the rhinoplasty surgeon should be familiar with BDD. This article provides a focused review of issues pertaining to BDD that are relevant to the rhinoplasty surgeon.

Schlüsselwörter

Körperdysmorphe Störung - KDS - Septorhinoplastik - ästhetische Chirurgie - Zufriedenheit - Ergebnis

Key words

body dysmorphic disorder - BDD - rhinoplasty - aesthetic surgery - satisfaction - outcome

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