Download PDF
J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2015; 76(02): 094-100
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1390016
Original Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Incidence and Survival Patterns of Sinonasal Undifferentiated Carcinoma in the United States

Kyle J. Chambers
1   Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Massachusetts, United States
2   Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
,
Ashton E. Lehmann
2   Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
,
Aaron Remenschneider
1   Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Massachusetts, United States
2   Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
,
Matthew Dedmon
1   Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Massachusetts, United States
2   Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
,
Josh Meier
1   Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Massachusetts, United States
2   Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
,
Stacey T. Gray
1   Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Massachusetts, United States
2   Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
,
Derrick T. Lin
1   Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Massachusetts, United States
2   Department of Otology and Laryngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

05 May 2014

14 June 2014

Publication Date:
29 September 2014 (online)

    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Objective To determine trends in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) survival patterns in the United States.

Design Retrospective review of national database.

Participants All cases of SNUC in the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results program from 1973 to 2010 were examined.

Main Outcome Measures Age-adjusted incidence and survival rates were calculated and stratified by demographic information and treatment modality. Cohort analysis was performed to analyze survival patterns over time.

Results A total of 318 SNUC cases were identified. Age-adjusted incidence rate (IR) was 0.02 per 100,000. Incidence was greater in males (IR: 0.03) than females (IR: 0.01; p = 0.03). Overall 5- and 10-year relative survival rate was 34.9% and 31.3%, respectively. Overall median survival was 22.1 months. Median survival following surgery combined with radiation was 41.9 months. Five-year relative survival rate following surgery, radiation, or surgery combined with radiation was 38.7%, 36.0%, and 39.1%, respectively. Median survival from 1973–1986 and 1987–2010 was 14.5 and 23.5 months, respectively.

Conclusions This study provides new data regarding survival patterns of SNUC in the United States, confirming survival benefit with surgery and radiation as well as identifying a trend toward improved survival in recent decades.

Keywords

sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma - SNUC - survival - multimodal treatment - neuroendocrine tumors
 

  • References

  • 1 Frierson Jr HF, Mills SE, Fechner RE, Taxy JB, Levine PA. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma. An aggressive neoplasm derived from schneiderian epithelium and distinct from olfactory neuroblastoma. Am J Surg Pathol 1986; 10 (11) 771-779
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Resto VA, Deschler DG. Sinonasal malignancies. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2004; 37 (2) 473-487
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Reiersen DA, Pahilan ME, Devaiah AK. Meta-analysis of treatment outcomes for sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2012; 147 (1) 7-14
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Righi PD, Francis F, Aron BS, Weitzner S, Wilson KM, Gluckman J. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: a 10-year experience. Am J Otolaryngol 1996; 17 (3) 167-171
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Miyamoto RC, Gleich LL, Biddinger PW, Gluckman JL. Esthesioneuroblastoma and sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: impact of histological grading and clinical staging on survival and prognosis. Laryngoscope 2000; 110 (8) 1262-1265
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Smith SR, Som P, Fahmy A, Lawson W, Sacks S, Brandwein M. A clinicopathological study of sinonasal neuroendocrine carcinoma and sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma. Laryngoscope 2000; 110 (10 Pt 1) 1617-1622
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Rischin D, Porceddu S, Peters L, Martin J, Corry J, Weih L. Promising results with chemoradiation in patients with sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma. Head Neck 2004; 26 (5) 435-441
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Xu CC, Dziegielewski PT, McGaw WT, Seikaly H. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC): the Alberta experience and literature review. J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2013; 42: 2
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Mills SE. Neuroendocrine tumors of the head and neck: a selected review with emphasis on terminology. Endocr Pathol 1996; 7 (4) 329-343
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Levine PA, Frierson Jr HF, Stewart FM, Mills SE, Fechner RE, Cantrell RW. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: a distinctive and highly aggressive neoplasm. Laryngoscope 1987; 97 (8 Pt 1) 905-908
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Al-Mamgani A, van Rooij P, Mehilal R, Tans L, Levendag PC. Combined-modality treatment improved outcome in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: single-institutional experience of 21 patients and review of the literature. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 270 (1) 293-299
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Lin EM, Sparano A, Spalding A , et al. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: a 13-year experience at a single institution. Skull Base 2010; 20 (2) 61-67
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Rosenthal DI, Barker Jr JL, El-Naggar AK , et al. Sinonasal malignancies with neuroendocrine differentiation: patterns of failure according to histologic phenotype. Cancer 2004; 101 (11) 2567-2573
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Chen AM, Daly ME, El-Sayed I , et al. Patterns of failure after combined-modality approaches incorporating radiotherapy for sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma of the head and neck. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008; 70 (2) 338-343
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Gray ST, Herr MW, Sethi RK , et al. Treatment outcomes and prognostic factors, including human papillomavirus, for sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: A retrospective review. Head Neck 2014; ; January 13 ( Epub ahead of print)
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Phillips CD, Futterer SF, Lipper MH, Levine PA. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: CT and MR imaging of an uncommon neoplasm of the nasal cavity. Radiology 1997; 202 (2) 477-480
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Ejaz A, Wenig BM. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: clinical and pathologic features and a discussion on classification, cellular differentiation, and differential diagnosis. Adv Anat Pathol 2005; 12 (3) 134-143
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Pitman KT, Costantino PD, Lassen LF. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: current trends in treatment. Skull Base Surg 1995; 5 (4) 269-272
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Kadish S, Goodman M, Wang CC. Olfactory neuroblastoma. A clinical analysis of 17 cases. Cancer 1976; 37 (3) 1571-1576
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Kim BS, Vongtama R, Juillard G. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: case series and literature review. Am J Otolaryngol 2004; 25 (3) 162-166
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Donald PJ. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma with intracranial extension. Skull Base 2006; 16 (2) 67-74
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Musy PY, Reibel JF, Levine PA. Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma: the search for a better outcome. Laryngoscope 2002; 112 (8 Pt 1) 1450-1455
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Gallo O, Graziani P, Fini-Storchi O. Undifferentiated carcinoma of the nose and paranasal sinuses. An immunohistochemical and clinical study. Ear Nose Throat J 1993; 72 (9) 588-590 , 593–595
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Peters L, Rischin D, Corry J. Evolving concepts in chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancers. In: Kogelnik HD. PLFS. Proc. 7th International Meeting on Progress in Radio-Oncology. Bologna, Italy: Monduzzi Editore; 2002: 17-23
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Chernock RD, Perry A, Pfeifer JD, Holden JA, Lewis Jr JS. Receptor tyrosine kinases in sinonasal undifferentiated carcinomas—evaluation for EGFR, c-KIT, and HER2/neu expression. Head Neck 2009; 31 (7) 919-927
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Revenaugh PC, Seth R, Pavlovich JB, Knott PD, Batra PS. Minimally invasive endoscopic resection of sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma. Am J Otolaryngol 2011; 32 (6) 464-469
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar