Wie verstehen Dolmetscher ihre Rolle in medizinischen Konsultationen und wie verhalten sie sich konkret in der Praxis?

Zusammenfassung

Fragestellung: Die Dolmetscherrolle im Behandlungssetting ist in der Literatur nicht klar definiert. Ziel dieser Studie ist es, zu untersuchen, welche Rolle Dolmetscher sich im Gespräch selbst zuschreiben und welche Rolle sie in der Praxis tatsächlich einnehmen.

Methode: Im quantitativen Teil der Studie haben sich Dolmetscher im Gesundheitswesen in einem Fragebogen zu ihrem Rollenverständnis geäussert. Im qualitativen Teil wurde anhand von gedolmetschten Videoaufnahmen die Rolle der Dolmetscher in der Praxis analysiert.

Ergebnisse: 373 Fragebögen und 19 gedolmetschte Konsultationen wurden analysiert und verglichen. Während im Fragebogen eine neutrale Dolmetscherrolle bevorzugt wurde, ist in der Praxis ein aktives Verständnis der Dolmetscherrolle zu beobachten.

Schlussfolgerung: Da Selbst-Beschreibung und beobachtetes Verhalten stark divergieren, müssen Fachpersonen und Dolmetscher vor jedem Gespräch miteinander klären, was sie voneinander erwarten.

Abstract

Objectives: In the literature the role of an interpreter in the clinical setting is not yet clearly defined. The aim of the study is to explore, which role the interpreters assign to themselves and which role they actually take in the clinical setting.

Methods: In the quantitative part of the study, the interpreters evaluated their role in the clinical encounter through a questionnaire, whereas in the qualitative part the interpreters’ role was assessed by analysing videotapes of the clinical encounters.

Results: 373 questionnaires and 19 videotapes were collated and analysed. According to the results of the questionnaire interpreters seem to prefer a neutral role in the clinical encounter. This was in contrast to what was observed in practice, as seen in the videotapes. In reality, they take in an active role while interpreting.

Conclusions: It is important that medical professionals and interpreters discuss their roles and expectations before every clinical consultation.

Schlüsselwörter

Dolmetscher - fremdsprachige Patienten - Dolmetscherrolle - Kommunikation

Keywords

interpreters - foreign-language patients - interpreters’ role - communication

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