Effect of prednisolone and cetirizine on D. farinae and histamine-induced wheal and flare response in healthy dogs

Summary

Objective: Prednisolone and antihistamines are highly potent drugs in the treatment of atopic dermatitis and widely used in humans and dogs. In some atopic patients in which antihistamines, corticosteroids or other drugs have already been administered intradermal testing (IDT) may be necessary. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of cetirizine and prednisolone on IDT results. Material and methods: Thirty healthy dogs (average age 5.9 ± 0.6 years) were randomly assigned to three groups. Treatment groups were administered prednisolone (1 mg/kg BW daily, tapering dosage; group I), cetirizine (1 mg/kg BW daily; group II) and placebo (group III) respectively for one week. In the second week, none of the dogs received any medications. IDT was performed prior to drug administration and results obtained were considered as the baseline response. Second and third IDTs were performed at the end of the first and second week, respectively. Results: In groups I and II IDT reactivity was reduced at the end of first week (p < 0.05). After drug discontinuation the reactivity almost returned to baseline at the end of the 2-week period, with the exception of the prednisolone group for D. farinae. Conclusion: Prednisolone and cetirizine have significant effects on IDT reactions and must be withdrawn by veterinary practitioners up to 2 weeks prior to IDT.

Zusammenfassung

Gegenstand und Ziel: Prednisolon und Antihistaminika stellen bei Menschen und Hunden mit atopischer Dermatitis die wirksamsten Medikamente dar. Bei einigen solcher kaninen Patienten, die bereits Antihistaminika, Glukokortikoide oder andere Medikamente erhalten haben, kann ein Intrakutantest erforderlich werden. Ziel der Studie war, die Auswirkungen von Cetirizin und Prednisolon auf die Resultate des Intrakutantests (IKT) zu vergleichen. Material und Methoden: Dreißig gesunde Hunde (mittleres Alter 5,9 ± 0,6 Jahre) wurden in drei Gruppen eingeteilt. Die Probanden erhielten eine Woche lang entweder Prednisolon (Initialdosis 1 mg/kg KM einmal täglich per os für 3 Tage, dann graduelle Dosisreduktion; Gruppe I), Cetirizin (1 mg/kg KM einmal täglich per os; Gruppe II) oder ein Plazebo (Gruppe III). In der zweiten Woche erfolgte keine Medikation. Der IKT wurde vor der einwöchigen Medikamentengabe (Ermittlung des Basiswerts) sowie nach 1 und 2 Wochen durchgeführt. Ergebnisse: In Gruppe I und II ergab sich am Ende der ersten Woche eine reduzierte Reaktion im IKT (p < 0,05). Nach der zweiten Woche hatten die Reaktionen fast wieder die Ausgangswerte erreicht. Dies galt nicht für die Reaktion auf D. farinae in Gruppe I. Schlussfolgerung: Prednisolon und Cetirizin können die Reaktionen im IKT erheblich beeinflussen. Die Medikation muss mindestens 2 Wochen vor einem IKT abgesetzt werden.

Keywords

Intradermal testing - atopia - antihistamines - canine

Schlüsselwörter

Intrakutantest - Atopie - Antihistaminika - Hund

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