Der Einfluss repetitiver transkranieller Magnetstimulation auf die Stimmung gesunder Probanden

Zusammenfassung

Eine Vielzahl von Studien belegt die therapeutische Wirksamkeit der repetitiven transkraniellen Magnestimulation (rTMS) insbesondere bei affektiven Störungen. Vor dem Hintergrund dieser Befunde zum antidepressiven Effekt der rTMS wurde diese Methode mittlerweile vielfach als Instrument zur Untersuchung von Regulationsmechanismen der Emotionen bei Gesunden eingesetzt. Die teils uneinheitlichen Untersuchungsergebnisse sind möglicherweise auf variierende Studiendesigns und Stimulationsparameter zurückzuführen. Eine Reihe mittels rTMS erhobener Befunde unterstützt jedoch die Hypothese einer hemispherenspezifischen Regulation von Emotionen. Der Einsatz der rTMS zur Untersuchung von physiologischen Grundlagen der Emotionen hat sich außerdem aufgrund der guten Verträglichkeit bewährt. Künftige Studien sollten bei der Versuchsplanung auf den möglichen Einfluss von verschiedenen Stimulationsparametern wie Stimulusintensität, -frequenz und -anzahl achten, mögliche Carry-over-Effekte bei Studien mit Stimulation unterschiedlicher Hirnregionen berücksichtigen sowie adäquate Zielparameter unter Berücksichtigung von emotionsgesteuertem Verhalten neben der Erfassung der Emotionen wählen.

Summary

Growing evidence exists from recent studies that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has a therapeutic effect in patients suffering from affective disorder. On the background of the antidepressive response after rTMS several studies have investigated the influence of rTMS on healthy subjects’ mood. Partly conflicting results are possibly due to varying study designs and stimulation parameters. Some of the collected results support the hypothesis of hemisphere specific regulation of emotion. rTMS has proved to be a valuable tool in the investigation of processes underlying the regulation of mood. Future studies should take into account a possible influence of different stimulation parameters such as stimulus intensity, stimulus frequency and total number of stimuli, as well as carry-over effects in studies stimulating different brain regions. Further more adequate target criteria and instruments including behavioral aspects in addition to the measurement of emotions should be considered.

Schlüsselwörter

Repetitive transkranielle Magnetstimulation - Stimmung - Emotion - Hirnphysiologie

Keywords

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation - mood - emotion - CNS-physiology

• Literatur

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