Nuklearmedizinische Bildgebung bei depressiven Störungen und antidepressiver Therapie

Zusammenfassung

In jüngster Zeit wurden große Fortschritte bei der Aufklärung der zugrunde liegenden neurobiologischen Mechanismen depressiver Störungen gemacht, nicht zuletzt durch den Einsatz nuklearmedizinischer bildgebender Verfahren wie der Positronen-Emissions-Tomografie (PET) und der Single-Photonen- Emissions-Computertomografie (SPECT). Hiermit können Veränderungen auf molekularer Ebene in vivo, z. B. der zentralen monoaminergen Systeme, dargestellt und die spezifischen, bei der Depression pathophysiologisch bedeutsamen neuronalen Schaltkreise identifiziert werden. Eine routinemäßige klinische Anwendung dieser Verfahren bei depressiven Störungen hat sich bislang nicht etabliert. Perspektivisch sind die nuklearmedizinischen Verfahren aber hinsichtlich eines integrativen diagnostischen Ansatzes und im Rahmen eines personalisierten Therapiekonzeptes betroffener Patienten nutzbar.

Summary

This review highlights recent progress made in the understanding of the underlying neuro - biology of depressive disorders based on positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). These radioisotope techniques allow in vivo molecular imaging, in particular of the brain monoaminergic system, and contribute to the identification of affected neuronal circuits underlying mood disturbances. Their routine clinical usage, however, has not been established yet, but especially PET holds promise to be part of an integrative clinical approach contributing to individualized treatment of patients with depression.

Schlüsselwörter

Depression - Serotonin - Dopamin - SPECT - PET - nuklearmedizinische Bildgebung

Keywords

Depression - serotonin - dopamine - SPECT - PET - nuclear medicine imaging

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