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Nervenheilkunde 2009; 28(01/02): 47-52
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1628571
Thema zum Schwerpunkt
Schattauer GmbH

Schwindel im Kindesalter

Vertigo and dizziness in childhood
K. Jahn
1   Neurologische Klinik der Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München
,
A. Zwergal
1   Neurologische Klinik der Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München
,
M. Strupp
1   Neurologische Klinik der Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München
,
T. Brandt
2   Lehrstuhl für Klinische Neurowissenschaften der Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

eingegangen am: 01 August 2008

angenommen am: 06 August 2008

Publication Date:
23 January 2018 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Schwindel und Gleichgewichtsstörungen bei Kindern sind nicht selten. Bei der Häufigkeitsverteilung der einzelnen Schwindelsyndrome ergeben sich erhebliche altersabhängige Unterschiede. Bei Kindern sind migräneassoziierte Schwindelformen (benigner paroxysmaler Schwindel des Kindesalters, vestibuläre Migräne) sehr häufig und machen etwa 50% der Diagnosen aus. Häufiger als im Erwachsenenalter sind akute einseitige Funktionsstörungen im Rahmen von infektiösen oder parainfektiösen Labyrinthiden, die Bewegungskrankheit und Perilymphfisteln. Die Innenohrbeteiligung mit bilateralen vestibulären Funktionsstörungen kommt bei einer Reihe seltener kongenitaler Syndrome vor. Subakut einsetzende zentral-vestibuläre Zeichen sollten wegen der relativen Häufigkeit von Hirnstamm-und Kleinhirntumoren im Kindesalter eine MRT-Untersuchung nach sich ziehen, die insgesamt bei kindlichem Schwindel eher zu häufig erfolgt.

Summary

Vertigo and dizziness are not uncommon in childhood. The frequency of the vertigo syndromes depend on age. In children, migraine-associated forms of vertigo are very common (benign paroxysm vertigo of childhood, vestibular migraine) and account for about 50% of diagnoses. Also acute unilateral vestibular failure in infectious and para infectious labyrinthitis, kinetosis, and perilymph fistula are more common in children. A number of congenital syndromes go along with bilateral vestibular failure. Because of the relative high frequency of brainstem tumors in children, MRI should be considered in subacute central vestibular syndromes.

Schlüsselwörter

Schwindel - Gleichgewicht - Migräne - Kinder

Keywords

Vertigo - dizziness - migraine - childhood
 

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