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Facial Plast Surg 2018; 34(02): 194-200
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1636919
Original Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Manipulation of the Periorbital Musculature

Phillip Langsdon
1   Division of Facial Plastic Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Tennessee, Germantown, Tennessee
,
Nicholas Karter
2   AAFPRS Facial Plastic Surgery Fellow, The Langsdon Clinic, Germantown, Tennessee
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
09 April 2018 (online)

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Abstract

The resting and expressive states of the periorbital region contribute to perceived age, emotion, gender, race, and countenance. A thorough understanding of the periorbital musculature is essential for comprehensive facial rejuvenation. Surgical and nonsurgical manipulation of these muscles can lead to alterations in brow elevation, resting brow position, and dynamic periorbital rhytids. Both surgical and nonsurgical techniques can produce desired effects, and they are often used concomitantly to obtain optimal results.

Keywords

periorbital - glabella - brow - corrugator - procerus
 

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