Diagnostic Considerations in Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis and the Interface with MOG Antibody

Jonathan D. Santoro; Tanuja Chitnis

doi:10.1055/s-0039-1693152

Neuropediatrics, Table of Contents

Neuropediatrics 2019; 50(05): 273-279
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1693152

Review Article

Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Diagnostic Considerations in Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis and the Interface with MOG Antibody

Authors

Jonathan D. Santoro

¹Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

²Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

³Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States

⁴Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States
Tanuja Chitnis

¹Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

²Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States

Abstract

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a common yet clinically heterogenous syndrome characterized by encephalopathy, focal neurologic findings, and abnormal neuroimaging. Differentiating ADEM from other demyelinating disorders of childhood can be difficult and appropriate interpretation of the historical, clinical, and neurodiagnostic components of a patient's presentation is critical. Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated diseases are a recently recognized set of disorders, which include ADEM presentations, among other phenotypes. This review article discusses the clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis, interpretation of data, and treatment/prognosis of this unique syndrome with distinctive review of the spectrum of MOG antibodies.

Keywords

ADEM - acute disseminated encephalomyelitis - diagnosis - treatment - MOG antibody

Full Text

References

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