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Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2015; 140(05): 317-322
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-100760
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Lungenkrebs
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Lungenkrebs-Screening und Management kleinerer pulmonaler Rundherde

Lung cancer screening and management of small pulmonary nodules
Christian Schulz
1   Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg
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Publication History

Publication Date:
03 March 2015 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Lungenkrebs wird mehrheitlich im fortgeschrittenen Stadium diagnostiziert. Daher ist die Prognose ungünstig. Indem die Erkrankung in einem früheren Stadium diagnostiziert wird, kann das Überleben der Patienten verbessert werden. Die Einführung eines bevölkerungsweiten Lungenkrebs-Screening-Programms mittels Low-dose-Computertomografie könnte dazu beitragen, die Prognose und das Überleben der Patienten zu verbessern.

Der rasche technische Fortschritt in der Bildgebung erlaubt es mittlerweile, auch wenige Millimeter messende Läsionen zu detektieren. Dies macht neue diagnostische und therapeutische Algorithmen für das Management auffälliger oder ätiologisch unklarer pulmonaler Rundherde notwendig, die im Rahmen von Screening-Untersuchungen oder auch zufällig gefunden werden.

Der nachfolgende Artikel beleuchtet neue Daten zum Lungenkrebs-Screening sowie Empfehlungen zum Management kleinerer pulmonaler Rundherde.

Abstract

Worldwide lung cancer is the leading cause of death from cancer. Most lung cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage, so survival after lung cancer is generally poor. Diagnosis of lung cancer at earlier stages may be associated with an increased survival rate. This indicates that the implementation of lung cancer screening programs at the population level by means of low dose computed tomography might helpful to improve the outcome and mortality of lung cancer patients.

By means of rapid advances in imaging technologies over the last decades it became possible to detect small lung nodules as small as a couple of millimeters. This recent developments require management algorithms to guide the clinical management of suspicious and indeterminate lung nodules found in computer tomography during lung cancer screening or by incidental finding.

This review will focus on both, the recent advances in lung cancer screening and the guidelines for the management of small pulmonary nodules.

Schlüsselwörter

Lungenkrebs - Mortalität - Screening - pulmonale Rundherde

Key Words

lung cancer - mortality - screening - pulmonary nodules
 

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