Persönlichkeitsstörungen und Sucht: Systematische Literaturübersicht zu Epidemiologie, Verlauf und Behandlung

Zusammenfassung

Ziel: Dieser Artikel gibt eine systematische Übersicht über den aktuellen Forschungsstand zur Komorbidität von Persönlichkeitsstörungen und Suchterkrankungen inklusive der nicht-stoffgebundenen Abhängigkeiten.

Methode: Systematische Literaturübersicht.

Ergebnis: Persönlichkeitsstörungen und Substanzabhängigkeiten zeigen hohe Komorbiditätsraten, die sich auch für die nicht-stoffgebundenen Süchte (Verhaltenssüchte) nachweisen lassen. Die größte Evidenz liegt für die Komorbidität mit der Borderline-Persönlichkeitsstörung vor. Für die Behandlung von Doppeldiagnosen haben sich bisher drei psychotherapeutische Verfahren empirisch als wirksam erwiesen. Pharmakologische Behandlungsansätze sind bisher kaum untersucht worden.

Schlussfolgerung: Für die Doppeldiagnose ist die methodenintegrative Psychotherapie die Behandlungsmethode der Wahl, wobei v. a. im Bereich der Komorbidität von Persönlichkeitsstörungen und Verhaltenssüchten Forschungsbedarf besteht.

Abstract

Aim: This paper provides a systematic overview of the comorbidity of personality and addictive disorders including behavioural addictions.

Method: Systematic review.

Results: Personality disorders and substance-related addictions show high comorbidity rates. This is equally true of behavioural addictions. Most empirical research is on comorbidity with borderline personality disorder. For treatment of individuals with dual diagnoses, three psychotherapies have been demonstrated to be effective. Pharmacotherapeutic approaches have hardly been investigated.

Conclusion: Methodologically integrative treatment represents therapy of choice for patients with dual diagnoses. Comorbidity of personality disorders and behavioural addictions needs further investigation.

Schlüsselwörter

Persönlichkeitsstörung - Substanzabhängigkeit - Verhaltenssucht - Komorbidität - Doppeldiagnose - DSM-5

Key words

personality disorder - substance use disorder - behavioural addiction - comorbidity - dual diagnosis - DSM-5

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