Zusammenfassung
Trotz der in den letzten Jahrzehnten erreichten Fortschritte in der Primärbehandlung
des fortgeschrittenen Ovarialkarzinoms erleidet die Mehrzahl der Patientinnen ein
Rezidiv der Erkrankung. Die Entwicklung effektiver Rezidivtherapien ist klinisch relevant.
Diese Übersichtsarbeit re-analysiert die bis inklusive 1998 publizierten Daten zur
systemischen Chemotherapie (366 Studien mit 13 584 Patientinnen). Hierbei werden die
Patientinnenkollektive je nach der Art der Vortherapie (mit oder ohne Platin bzw.
Paclitaxel) und dem Ansprechen auf die Vortherapie getrennt analysiert. Bei Letzterem
werden Patientinnen mit platinsensiblem Ovarialkarzinom (d. h. Ansprechen auf eine
platinhaltige Primärtherapie und Intervall bis zum Auftreten eines Rezidivs von mehr
als 6 Monaten) und Patientinnen mit einem platinrefraktären Ovarialkarzinom (d. h.
kein Ansprechen auf eine platinhaltige Primärtherapie oder Rezidiv innerhalb von 6
Monaten nach Abschluß der Primärtherapie) getrennt analysiert.
Beim platinsensiblen Ovarialkarzinom werden die besten Ergebnisse mit einer platinhaltigen
Re-Induktionstherapie berichtet. Beim platinrefraktären Ovarialkarzinom unterscheiden
sich die Ergebnisse verschiedener Chemotherapien nur unwesentlich, eine erneute Platintherapie
erscheint wenig sinnvoll. Die Datenlage zu einer 2nd-line-Therapie nach Platin und
Paclitaxel, dem aktuellen Standard in der Primärbehandlung ist ungenügend. Lediglich
für Topotecan wurde bisher eine (begrenzte) Aktivität in ausreichend großen Studien
bewiesen. Leider liegen nur unzureichende Daten aus prospektiv randomisierten Studien
vor. Die bisher ungenügenden Therapieergebnisse und der offensichtliche Mangel an
validen Daten sollte dazu führen, die 2nd-line-Therapien systematischer im Rahmen
kooperativer klinischer Studien zu untersuchen. Die hier vorliegende retrospektive
Analyse kann sowohl Hinweise für die Planung zukünftiger Studien geben, als auch helfen,
Therapieentscheidung auf dem Boden der zur Verfügung stehenden Daten zu treffen.
Abstract
Purpose: Despite progress in the primary treatment of advanced ovarian cancer, most patients
will still develop recurrent disease. We reviewed published studies on systemic second-line
chemotherapy for patients with recurrent ovarian cancer.
Material and Methods: We systematically reviewed 366 studies including 13 584 patients published until
1998. Patients were divided into subgroups according to prior treatment (with or without
platinum or paclitaxel) and response to prior treatment. Platinum-sensitive disease
was defined as responce to platinum and progression-free survival of at least 6 months.
Platinum-resistant disease was defined as no responce to platinum or a progression-free
interval of less than 6 months after completion of primary treatment.
Results: Patients with platinum-sensitive disease did best after platinum-based reinduction
therapy. For platinum-resistant disease there were no differences in response rates
among the various published regimens; renewed platinum-based treatment was not effective.
There are few data on second-line treatment for patients who have received platinum
and paclitaxel. Only topotecan has been shown to have limited activity in adequately
large studies. Few data are based on randomized trials.
Conclusions: Disappointing clinical results and a lack of valid data indicate a need for randomized
clinical trials. Our data provide a basis for clinicians treating patients with recurrent
ovarian cancer and suggest approaches for designing prospective trials.
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