Abstract.
Severe symptomatic hypercalcemia is a rare event in children with malignancies. Up
to now there is limited experience treating childhood hypercalcemia with bisphosphonates
in addition to calcitonin. We report a 5-year-old boy with acute lymphoblastic lymphoma
who presented with malignant hypercalcemia at diagnosis. The maximal serum calcium
concentration was 15.2 mg/dl (3.81 mmol/l). Conventional therapy with forced diuresis
and furosemide failed. Calcitonin (10 IU/kg/24 h i.v. for 2 days) and pamidronate
(1 mg/kg over 2 hours i.v.) were used successfully without adverse effect lowering
the serum calcium level within 24 hours to normal values. We recommend the use of
calcitonin and pamidronate as first-line therapy together with forced diuresis and
furosemide in childhood hypercalcemia secondary to malignancies as it is rapidly effective
and has no significant side effects.
Hyperkalzämie ist ein seltenes Ereignis bei Kindern mit malignen Erkrankungen. Bis
jetzt gibt es nur wenig Erfahrung, eine Hyperkalzämie im Kindesalter mit Pamidronat
zusätzlich zu Calcitonin zu behandeln. Wir berichten über einen 5-jährigen Jungen
mit akuter lymphatischer Leukämie, der bei Diagnosestellung der malignen Erkrankung
eine symptomatische Hyperkalzämie zeigte. Die maximale Kalziumkonzentration im Serum
war 15,2 mg/dl (3,81 mmol/l). Konventionelle Therapie mit Wässerung und Furosemid
zeigte keinen Erfolg. Durch den Einsatz von Calcitonin (10 E/kg/24 Stunden i.v. für
2 Tage) und Pamidronat (1 mg/kg in 2 Stunden i.v.) konnte der Kalziumspiegel innerhalb
von 24 Stunden in Normbereiche gesenkt werden. Es traten keine schweren Nebenwirkungen
auf. Wir empfehlen den primären Einsatz von Calcitonin und Pamidronat zusätzlich zu
forcierter Diurese und Furosemid bei Kindern mit symptomatischer Hyperkalzämie bedingt
durch eine Krebserkrankung.
Key words:
Cancer-related hypercalcemia - childhood - pamidronate - calcitonin
Schlüsselwörter:
Hyperkalzämie durch maligne Erkrankun-gen - Kinder - Pamidronat - Calcitonin
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Dr. Irene Schmid
Kinderklinik und KinderpoliklinikDr. von Haunersches KinderspitalUniversität München
Lindwurmstr. 4
80337 München
Phone: Tel. 0 89-51 60-28 42
Fax: Fax 0 89-51 60-47 19
Email: E-mail: Irene.Schmid@kk-i.med.uni-muenchen.de