RSS-Feed abonnieren
DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-19285
Akutes Abdomen nach Chemotherapie und Bestrahlung eines metastasierten Sigmakarzinoms
Acute abdomen after chemotherapy and radiation of a metastatic carcinoma of the sigmaPublikationsverlauf
Publikationsdatum:
02. Januar 2002 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Bei einem 56-jährigen Patienten mit hepatisch und ossär metastasiertem Sigmakarzinom wurde nach Resektion des Primärtumors eine Chemotherapie mit 5-FU und Leucovorin begonnen. Gleichzeitig wurde eine Bestrahlung der Wirbelsäulenmetastasen BWK 10 - LWK 1 durchgeführt. Mit Zeichen des akuten Abdomens und des septischen Schocks wurde der Patient auf unsere Intensivstation verlegt. Im Labor zeigte sich eine Panzytopenie. In einer Blutkultur fanden sich gramnegative Stäbchen. Das CT zeigte ein ausgeprägtes Dünndarmödem mit Wandverdickungen bis 1 cm bei guter Kontrastierung der Mesenterialgefäße. 12 Tage nach Aufnahme verstarb der Patient im Multiorganversagen. Das Ödem des gesamten Dünndarms war am ehesten Ausdruck einer fulminanten Enteritis nach Chemotherapie und Bestrahlung. Eine ischämische Genese war unwahrscheinlich. Die Unterscheidung zwischen „chirurgischen” und „internistischen” Differenzialdiagnosen ist wegen der therapeutischen Konsequenzen wichtig. Verlängerte Infusionszeiten und wöchentliche Applikationen von 5-FU führen im Vergleich zur monatlichen Bolusgabe zu einem günstigeren Nebenwirkungsprofil. Gleichzeitige Bestrahlungen sollten vermieden oder durch Dosisanpassungen von 5-FU und Weglassen von Leucovorin berücksichtigt werden.
Summary
A 56-year-old patient with carcinoma of the sigma and liver and bone metastases was started on 5-FU and leucovorin chemotherapy after resection of the primary. Radiation of vertebral metastases T10 - L1 was performed simultaneously. When admitted to our ICU he presented with signs of acute abdomen and septic shock. Blood count revealed severe pancytopenia. A blood cul-ture grew gram-negative bacilli. CT scan demonstrated massive edema of the small bowel with thickening of the wall up to 1 cm. Mesenteric vessels were well enhanced by intravenous contrast material. 12 days after admission the patient died due to septic multiple organ failure. Edema of the whole small bowel was likely due to fulminant enteritis after chemotherapy and radiation. Ischemic genesis was unlikely. Differentiation between “surgical” and “medical” differential diagnoses is essential because of therapeutic consequences. Toxicity profile of prolonged infusions and weekly applications of 5-FU is favourable compared to the monthly bolus. Simultaneous radiation should be avoided or taken into consideration by dose reduction of 5-FU and omitting leucovorin.
Schlüsselwörter:
Bestrahlung - Chemotherapie - Fluorouracil - kolorektale Neoplasie - Mukositis - Enterokolitis - Sepsis
Key words:
Radiation - Chemotherapy - Fluorouracil - Colorectal neoplasms - Mucositis - Enterocolitis - Sepsis
Literatur
- 1 Becker N, Wahrendorf J.
Atlas of cancer mortality in the Federal Republic of Germany. 3rd ed. Berlin; Springer 1997: 248-249Reference Ris Wihthout Link - 2 Poon M A, O'Connell M J, Moertel C G, Wieand H S, Cullinan S A, Everson L K, Krook J E, Mailliard J A, Laurie J A, Tschetter L K, Wiesenfeld M A. Biochemical modulation of fluorouracil: evidence of significant improvement of survival and quality of life in patients with advanced colorectal carcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 1989; 7 1407-1418
- 3 Poon M A, O'Connell M J, Wieand H S, Krook J E, Gerster J B, Tschetter L K, Levitt R, Kardinal C G, Mailliard J A. Biochemical modulation of fluorouracil with leucovorin: confirmatory evidence of improved therapeutic efficacy in advanced colorectal cancer (see comments). J Clin Oncol. 1991; 9 1967-1972
- 4 Grem J L. Systemic treatment options in advanced colorectal cancer: perspectives on combination 5-fluorouracil plus leucovorin. Semin Oncol. 1997; 24 S 18-8-S 18-18
- 5 Ardalan B, Chua L, Tian E M, Reddy R, Sridhar K, Benedetto P, Richman S, Legaspi A, Waldman S, Morrell L, Feun L, Savaraj N, Livingstone A. A phase II study of weekly 24-hour infusion with high-dose fluorouracil with leucovorin in colorectal carcinoma (see comments). J Clin Oncol. 1991; 9 625-630
- 6 Köhne C H, Schoffski P, Wilke H, Kaufer C, Andreesen R, Ohl U, Klaasen U, Westerhausen M, Hiddemann W, Schott G, Harstick A, Bade J, Horster A, Schubert U, Hecker H, Dorken B, Schmoll H J. Effektive biomodulation by leucovorin of high-dose infusion fluorouracil given as a weekly 24-hour infusion: results of a randomized trial in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 1998; 16 418-426
- 7 Petrelli N, Douglass H O, Herrera L, Russell D, Stablein D M, Bruckner H W, Mayer R J, Schinella R, Green M D, Muggia F M, et al. The modulation of fluorouracil with leucovorin in metastatic colorectal carcinoma: a prospective randomized phase III trial. Gastrointestinal Tumor Study Group (published erratum appears in J Clin Oncol 1990 Jan; 8 (1): 185). J Clin Oncol. 1989; 7 1419-1426
- 8 Hartmann J T, Kohne C H, Schmoll H J, Daikeler T, Kanz L, Bokemeyer C. Is continuous 24-hour infusion of 5-fluorouracil plus high-dose folinic acid effective in patients with progressive or recurrent colorectal cancer? A phase II study. Oncology. 1998; 55 320-325
- 9 Weh H J, Wilke H J, Dierlamm J, Klaassen U, Siegmund R, Illiger H J, Schalhorn A, Kreuser E D, Hilgenfeld U, Seinke B, et al. Weekly therapy with folinic acid (FA) and high-dose 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 24-hour infusion in pretreated patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma. A multicenter study by the Association of Medical Oncology of the German Cancer Society (AIO). Ann Oncol. 1994; 5 233-237
- 10 Levi F, Zidani R, Brienza S, Dogliotti L, Perpoint B, Rotarski M, Letourneau Y, Llory J F, Chollet P, Le Rol A, Focan C. A multicenter evaluation of intensified, ambulatory, chronomodulated chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, 5-fluorouracil, and leucovorin as initial treatment of patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma. International Organization for Cancer Chronotherapy. Cancer. 1999; 85 2532-2540
- 11 Bertheault-Cvitkovic F, Jami A, Ithzaki M, Brummer P D, Brienza S, Adam R, Kunstlinger F, Bismuth H, Misset J L, Levi F. Biweekly intensified ambulatory chronomodulated chemotherapy with oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol. 1996; 14 2950-2958
- 12 Cunningham D, Pyrhonen S, James R D, Punt C J, Hickish T F, Heikkila R, Johannesen T B, Starkhammar H, Topham C A, Awad L, Jacques C, Herait P. Randomised trial of irinotecan plus supportive care versus supportive care alone after fluorouracil failure for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (see comments). Lancet. 1998; 352 1413-1418
- 13 Rougier P, Van Cutsem E, Bajetta E, Niederle N, Possinger K, Labianca R, Navarro M, Morant R, Bleiberg H, Wils J, Awad L, Herait P, Jacques C. Randomised trial of irinotecan versus fluorouracil by continuous infusion after fluorouracil failure in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (see comments) (published erratum appears in Lancet 1998 Nov 14; 352 (9140): 1634). Lancet. 1998; 352 1407-1412
Dr. Florian Eckel
Klinikum rechts der Isar
Ismaninger Straße 22
81675 München
Telefon: + 49-89-41402265
Fax: + 49-89-41404808
eMail: florian.eckel@lrz.tum.de