Zusammenfassung
Heutzutage werden in der Kieferorthopädie Zähne immer noch genauso bewegt, wie vor
zwei- bis dreitausend Jahren - durch die Anwendung mechanischer Kräfte. In Hinblick
auf unser Wissen über die Biologie des Knochens und des Parodonts scheint die Hoffnung
auf neue diagnostische Möglichkeiten gerechtfertigt, die das biologische Potential
kieferorthopädischer Patienten mit einbeziehen. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war die
Untersuchung von biologischen Aspekten bei der Bewegung von Zähnen durch eine Interleukin-1α
(IL-1α)-spezifische Anfärbung dieses wirkungsvollen Regulans der Knochenresorption.
Dazu wurden die zellulären Anteile des Parodonts bei 60 Katzen untersucht, um das
Ausmaß der IL-1α-spezifischen Färbung nach der unterschiedlich langen Einwirkung von
Kräften in vitro quantitativ zu bestimmen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass alle Zellen
des Parodonts eine IL-1α-spezifische Färbung aufwiesen, wobei die Osteoblasten am
stärksten eingefärbt worden waren. Weiterhin ließ sich ein auffälliger Anstieg der
Färbeintensität nach 6 und nach 12 Stunden sowie nach 7 und nach 28 Tagen Behandlungsdauer
beobachten. Die Studie ergab zwischen allen untersuchten Gruppen deutliche Unterschiede
in Bezug auf die alveolären Osteoblasten. Diese Ergebnisse scheinen die Hypothese
zu stützen, dass Zytokine, und hier speziell Interleukin-1, die durch orthodontische
Kräfte verursachte Umstrukturierung des Knochens regulieren.
Summary
In orthodontics teeth are still moved today as they were two or three thousands years
ago, by using mechanical forces. However, with knowledge on bone and periodontal ligament
(PDL) biology it seems reasonable to expect that new diagnostic means will be developed
that will expose the biological potential of prospective orthodontic patients. The
aim of this investigation was to study the biological aspects of tooth movement, on
Interleukin 1α (IL-1α)-specific staining as a powerful stimulator of bone resorption.
Periodontal gingival crevicular fluid from 60 cats was analysed to quantitatively
evaluate the degree of IL-1α-specific staining in alveolar osteoblasts after applying
forces in vivo during different time periods. The results shows that all PDL cells
had some degree of IL-1-specific staining, with the highest degree corresponding to
osteoblasts. Furthermore, a notable increase in staining intensity was produced at
specific time periods (6 and 12 hours, and 7 and 28 days). The study revealed a significant
difference in the cellular area of the alveolar osteoblasts between all groups studied.
The results seem to support the hypothesis that cytokines, and specifically IL-1,
regulate bone restructuring related to orthodontic forces.
Schlüsselwörter
Interleukin-1α - Umstrukturierung des Knochens
Key words
Interleucin 1α - bone reconstruction
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Dr. Juan Carlos Perez Varela
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E-15706 Santiago de Compostela
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