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DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-35359
Gerinnung bei Normotonikern und Hypertonikern in Abhängigkeit vom Body Mass Index
Blood coagulation in normotensives and hypertensives in relation to their body mass indexPublication History
eingereicht: 10.7.2002
akzeptiert: 15.10.2002
Publication Date:
07 November 2002 (online)

Hintergrund und Fragestellung: Verschiedene Parameter der Gerinnungskaskade und Fibrinolyse sind wesentliche Prädiktoren für das Auftreten eines Herzinfarktes und Schlaganfalls, für die die Hypertonie als Risikofaktor gilt. Dabei ist unklar, ob eine Blutdruckerhöhung per se eine aktivierte Gerinnung hervorrufen kann.
Patienten und Methodik: Wir haben deshalb die Gerinnung bei übergewichtigen Hypertonikern (n = 40; 49 ± 8 Jahre; Gruppe 3) und Normotonikern (n = 19; 51 ± 8 Jahre; Gruppe 2) mit der Gerinnung normalgewichtiger Normotoniker (n = 20; 51 ± 8 Jahre; Gruppe 1) verglichen.
Ergebnisse: Die PAI-1-Aktivität als Maß für eine eingeschränkte Fibrinolyse war bereits bei der Gruppe 2 (20,5 ± 11 U/ml; p < 0,001) im Vergleich zu Gruppe 1 (11,6 ± 6 U/ml) erhöht und stieg weiter an in der Gruppe 3 (27,5 ± 9 U/ml; p < 0,05). Fibrinogen und Faktor VIII als gerinnungsfördernde Parameter sind sowohl bei der Gruppe 2 (360 ± 61 mg/dl bzw. 143 ± 15 %; p < 0,001) als auch bei der Gruppe 3 (368 ± 63 mg/dl bzw. 146 ± 18%; p < 0,001) im Vergleich zu Gruppe 1 (304 ± 40 mg/dl bzw. 127 ± 17%) erhöht. Dementsprechend waren auch die Fibrinmonomere als Maß für die intravasale Gerinnung bei der Gruppe 3 erhöht (p < 0,05) und PTT verkürzt (p < 0,001). Die Pearson-Korrelation zeigte eine signifikante (p < 0,001) positive Beziehung zwischen PAI-1 und BMI (0,539), Triglyzeriden (0,512), Blutdruck (0,388 bis 0,534), Fibrinogen (0,404) und eine negative zu HDL-Cholesterin (0,625). Der BMI korreliert auch mit dem Fibrinogen (0,509; p < 0,001) und Faktor VIII (0,337; p < 0,01).
Folgerungen: Hypertoniker weisen eine reduzierte Fibrinolyse und aktivierte Gerinnung auf, die das Auftreten eines Myokardinfarkts und Schlaganfalls begünstigt. Dabei wird das Ausmaß der Veränderungen neben dem Blutdruck besonders durch den BMI und metabolische Risikofaktoren mitbestimmt.
Background and perspective: Various parameters of the coagulation cascade and fibrinolysis are important predictors of myocardial infarction and stroke, for which hypertension is a risk factor. It is unclear whether an elevated blood pressure by itself can produce activated clotting.
Patients and methods: Coagulation tests were done on overweight hypertensive (n=40); aged 49 ± 8 years; group 3), overweight normotensives (n=19; aged 51 ± 8 years; group 2) and normal-weight normotensives (n=20; aged 51 ± 8; group 1).
Results: Plasminogen-activator-inhibitor 1 (PAI-1), a measure of impaired fibrinolysis, was elevated in group 2 (20.5 ± 11 U/ml; p < 0.001), compared with group 1 (11.6 ± 6 U/ml), and was even higher in group 3 (27.5 ± 9 U/ml; p < 0.05). Fibrinogen and factor VIII, parameters that promote clotting, were elevated in group 2 (360 ± 61 mg/dl and 143 ± 15 %, respectively; p < 0.001), and in group 3 (368 ± 63 mg/dl and 146 ± 18%; p < 0.001) compared to group 1 (304 ± 40 mg/dl and 127 ± 17%). Correspondingly, fibrin monometers, a measure of intravascular coagulation, were elevated in group 3 (p < 0.05) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) decreased (p < 0.001). Pearsoncorrelation showed a significant (p < 0.001) positive relationship between PAI-1 and body mass index (BMI) (0.539), triglycerides (0.512), blood pressure (0.388 to 0.534), fibrinogen (0.404, and a negative one with HDL-cholesterol (0.625). BMI also correlated with fibrinogen (0.509; p < 0.001) and factor VIII (0.337; p < 0.01).
Conclusions: Fibrinolysis and activated coagulation are reduced in hypertensive subjects: this favours the occurence of myocardial infarction and stroke. In addition to the level of blood pressure, the extent of the changes are effected especially by BMI and metabolic risk factors.
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Prof. Dr. med. Ingomar-Werner Franz
Reha-Klinik Wehrawald der BfA
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