Zusammenfassung
Die St.-Gallen-Konsensuskonferenz 2003 zur Therapie des primären Mammakarzinoms bestätigte
die Bedeutung der adjuvanten Chemotherapie. Bei hormonrezeptor-negativen Tumoren gilt
Chemotherapie unabhängig von Alter oder Lymphknotenstatus als adjuvante Standardbehandlung.
Bei hormonrezeptor-positiven Tumoren spielt Chemotherapie zusätzlich zur endokrinen
Therapie eine wichtige Rolle. Die Frage, welche Patientin eine kombinierte chemoendokrine
Therapie benötigt, und für wen die reine endokrine Therapie genügt, ist noch nicht
ausreichend beantwortet. Anthrazykline gelten als Standard-Chemotherapie. Eine Überlegenheit
gegenüber CMF konnte bisher nur für anthrazyklinhaltige Polychemotherapien mit mindestens
drei Substanzen gezeigt werden. Aktuelle Daten zeigen, dass durch den Einsatz von
Taxanen zusätzlich zu anthrazyklinhaltigen Schemata eine signifikante Verbesserung
des Überlebens erreicht werden kann. Bei nodal-positiven, hormonrezeptor-negativen
Tumoren stellen Taxane aufgrund der publizierten Daten eine Therapieoption dar, ihr
optimaler Einsatz in verschiedenen Risikokollektiven wird derzeit in Studien geprüft.
Generell sollte die adjuvante Chemotherapie vor einer eventuellen Bestrahlung abgeschlossen
sein und eine eventuelle endokrine Therapie sequenziell durchgeführt werden.
Angesichts des internationalen St.-Gallen-Konsensuspanels kann in der endgültigen
Publikation nur ein Minimalkonsens erwartet werden. Die einzelnen Länder sind aufgerufen,
diese Empfehlungen evidenzbasiert an nationale Gegebenheiten anzupassen. Für Deutschland
finden sich aktuelle, evidenzbasierte Therapieempfehlungen in der Leitlinie der AGO
Organkommission „Mamma”. Eine S3-Leitlinie „Mammakarzinom” unter Mitwirkung aller
beteiligten Fachgesellschaften wird derzeit fertig gestellt.
Abstract
The 2003 St. Gallen consensus on primary therapy of early breast cancer confirmed
the importance of adjuvant chemotherapy. In endocrine non-responsive tumors, chemotherapy
is adjuvant treatment of choice, independent of patient age or lymph node status.
In endocrine-responsive disease, chemotherapy plays an important role next to endocrine
treatment. The questions, which patients need combined chemo-endocrine therapy, and
for whom endocrine therapy alone is sufficient, are still unsolved. Anthracyclines
are standard adjuvant chemotherapy; superiority over CMF has only been shown for anthracyclin-containing
polychemotherapy with at least 3 substances. Recent published evidence suggest that
adding taxanes to anthracyclin regimens may benefit patient survival and that taxanes
are a valid therapeutic option in node-positive, hormone receptor negative breast
cancer. The optimal use of taxanes in different risk collectives is currently being
investigated in clinical trials. Generally, adjuvant chemotherapy should be administered
before radiotherapy, and endocrine therapy should be given sequentially. In view of
the international St. Gallen panel, the final publication may only represent a minimal
consensus. Individual countries are requested to adapt these recommendations to national
conditions. In Germany, up-to-date evidence-based therapy recommendations have just
been issued by the AGO “breast” expert panel. Interdisciplinary S3 breast cancer guidelines
are currently being finalized.
Schlüsselwörter
Adjuvante Chemotherapie - AGO - Mammakarzinom - St. Gallen - Taxane - uPA/PAI-1
Key words
Adjuvant chemotherapy - AGO - breast cancer - St. Gallen - uPA/PAI-1 - taxanes
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Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Nadia Harbeck
Oberärztin der Frauenklinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar
Technische Universität München
Ismaninger Straße 22
D-81675 München
Phone: 0 89/41 40-24 19
Fax: 0 89/41 40-48 46
Email: nadia.harbeck@lrz.tum.de