Tumor-simulierende Läsionen in der kranialen MRT

Zusammenfassung

Tumoren sind zwar statistisch die wahrscheinlichste Ursache einer intrakraniellen Raumforderung, doch kann sich eine Vielzahl nicht-neoplastischer Erkrankungen ebenfalls raumfordernd manifestieren. Häufigste nicht-neoplastische Raumforderungen sind Entzündungen und Missbildungen, die intraaxial vor allem Gliome, Lymphome und Metastasen, extraaxial Meningeome und Neurinome nachahmen. Voraussetzung einer guten radiologischen Differenzialdiagnose sind außer der Bereitschaft, die primäre Annahme zu hinterfragen, adäquate anamnestische und klinische Angaben. Ziel dieser Arbeit ist eine praxisorientierte Übersicht zur Differenzialdiagnose intrakranieller Raumforderungen mit Blick auf nicht-neoplastische Läsionen.

Abstract

Statistically tumors are the most likely cause of space-occupying intracranial lesions. However, many non-neoplastic diseases also manifest as mass lesions and may be indistinguishable from tumors. The most common of these are inflammatory and dysplastic lesions, which intraaxially imitate mostly glioma, lymphoma, and metastases and extraaxially meningeoma and neurinoma. Aside from a willingness on the part of the diagnostic radiologist to question the most obvious diagnosis, on clinical history and findings are prerequisites for a sound radiological differential diagnosis. The aim of this article is to provide a practical overview of the differential diagnosis of intracranial mass lesions with emphasis on non-neoplastic abnormalities.

Schlüsselwörter

Hirntumor - intrakranielle Raumforderung - nicht-neoplastische Raumforderung - Tumor-simulierende Läsion

Key words

Brain tumor - intracranial mass lesion - space-occupying lesion - non-neoplastic mass lesion - tumor simulating lesions

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