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Aktuelle Urol 2005; 36(4): 329-336
DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-870931
Übersicht
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Obstruktive Uropathie bei Erwachsenen

Obstructive Uropathy in AdultsS.  Bierer1 , M.  Özgün2 , M.-E.  Bode1 , C.  Wülfing1 , H.-J.  Piechota1
  • 1Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster
  • 2Klinik für Klinische Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster
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Publication History

Publication Date:
18 August 2005 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Obstruktionen des Harntraktes sind ein alltägliches klinisches Problem. Die Behinderung des Harnabflusses kann akut oder chronisch, partiell oder komplett, ein- oder beidseitig auftreten und im Bereich der gesamten ableitenden Harnwege vorkommen. Die Ursachen von Harntraktobstruktionen variieren mit dem Alter der Patienten. Anatomische Fehlbildungen wie z. B. eine Nierenbeckenabgangsstenose sind im Kindesalter am häufigsten. Dagegen sind im mittleren Erwachsenenalter Harnsteine vorherrschend, während die benigne Prostatahyperplasie, das Prostatakarzinom, retroperitoneale oder pelvine Tumore und Steine bei älteren Patienten die Hauptursachen darstellen. Obstruktionen des Harntraktes führen zu verschiedenen pathophysiologischen Veränderungen und verursachen dadurch unterschiedliche Symptome. Die folgende Übersichtsarbeit präsentiert neben der Ätiologie, Pathophysiologie und Klinik der obstruktiven Uropathie bei Erwachsenen auch moderne diagnostische und therapeutische Verfahren.

Abstract

Urinary tract obstruction is a common clinical problem. The obstruction of the urinary flow may be acute or chronic, partial or complete, unilateral or bilateral, and may occur at any site of the urinary tract. The major causes of urinary tract obstruction vary with the age of the patient. Anatomic abnormalities, e. g. ureteropelvic junction obstruction, account for the majority of cases in children. In comparison, calculi are most common in young adults, while prostatic hyperplasia or carcinoma, retroperitoneal or pelvic neoplasms, and calculi are the primary causes in older patients. Urinary tract obstruction results in different pathophysiological changes causing various symptoms. In addition to the aetiology, pathophysiology and clinical presentation of obstructive uropathy in adults, modern diagnostic and therapeutic options are presented in this review.

Schlüsselwörter

Obstruktion - Uropathie - Ätiologie - Pathophysiologie - Klinik - Diagnose - Therapie

Key words

Obstruction - uropathy - aetiology - pathophysiology - clinical presentation - diagnosis - treatment

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Dr. med. Stefan  Bierer

Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie · Universitätsklinikum Münster

Albert-Schweitzer-Str. 33

48149 Münster

Phone: 0251/83-48001

Fax: 0251/83-48348 ·

Email: bierers@mednet.uni-muenster.de

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