Abstract
Polyethylene glycol conjugated asparaginase (PEG-ASNase) can be substituted in cases of hypersensitivity to native Escherichia coli asparaginase. We measured asparagine (asn) levels in plasma after a single dose of 2 500 IU/m² i.v. PEG-ASNase (Oncaspar®) in consolidation treatment of ALL and compared those with data from the previous protocol COALL-05-92. This protocol was similar to COALL-06-97, except that children had been given 45 000 IU/m² C-ASNase instead of PEG-ASNase. Patients and Methods: Between May 2000 and December 2001 seventy-one children (38 boys, 33 girls) with newly diagnosed ALL treated according to the multicenter protocol COALL-06-97 were investigated in this study. Four hundred and seventy-four plasma samples (71 patients) were analysed by ion exchange chromatography after column derivatization with o-phthaldialdehyde. For comparison data (350 plasma samples) from 51 patients treated according to the protocol COALL-05-92 were available. The same method for detection of asn in plasma was used. Results: The median asparagine level in plasma after 2 500 IU/m² PEG-ASNase i.v. was below the limit of detection for at least 5 weeks in 81 % of the patients. When divided into high risk (HR) and low risk (LR) group, HR patients who had previously received one dose more of C-ASNase showed a markedly shorter depletion than the LR patients compatible with a higher risk of antibody formation and consequent silent inactivation after a higher number of exposures to ASNase. In the previous protocol COALL-05-92 median asn levels in plasma after 45 000 IU/m² native C-ASNase i.v. were below the limit of detection for at least 5 weeks in 65 % of the patients. Conclusions: 2 500 IU/m² PEG-ASNase led to an equally long depletion of asn in plasma as did 45 000 IU/m² native C-ASNase i.v. used in COALL-05-92.
Zusammenfassung
Polyethylenglykol-konjugierte Asparaginase (PEG-ASNase) kann im Falle von Hypersensitivitätsreaktionen auf native Escherichia-coli-Asparaginase eingesetzt werden. Wir haben Asparaginspiegel (Asn) im Plasma nach einer einzelnen Gabe von 2 500 IE/m² i. v. PEG-ASNase (Oncaspar®) während der Konsolidierungstherapie der ALL gemessen und diese mit Daten aus dem vorausgegangenen Therapieprotokoll COALL-05-92 verglichen. Dieses Protokoll entsprach dem Protokoll COALL-06-97, mit der Ausnahme, dass statt PEG-Asparaginase 45 000 IE/m² C-ASNase gegeben wurden. Patienten und Methoden: Zwischen Mai 2000 und Dezember 2001 wurden einundsiebzig Kinder (38 Jungen, 33 Mädchen) mit einer neu diagnostizierten ALL, die nach dem multizentrischen Therapieprotokoll COALL-06-97 behandelt wurden, in dieser Studie untersucht. Vierhundertundsiebzig Serumproben (71 Patienten) wurden per Ionenaustauschchromatographie nach Post-column-Derivatisierung mit ortho-Phthaldialdehyd analysiert. Es standen Daten (350 Serumproben) von 51 Patienten, die entsprechend dem Therapieprotokoll COALL-05-92 behandelt wurden, zum Vergleich zur Verfügung. Es wurde dieselbe Methode zur Detektion von Asparagin im Serum verwendet. Ergebnisse: Der mediane Asparaginspiegel im Serum lag bei 81 % der Patienten mindestens 5 Wochen nach Gabe von 2 500 IE/m² PEG-ASNase i. v. unterhalb Nachweisgrenze für Asn. Betrachtet man High-risk(HR)- und Low-risk(LR)-Gruppe getrennt, fällt auf, dass HR-Patienten, die vorher eine Gabe C-ASNase mehr erhalten hatten, eine deutlich kürzere Depletion zeigten als LR-Patienten. Dies könnte auf ein höheres Risiko der Antikörperbildung und demzufolge einer stillen Inaktivierung nach häufigerer Exposition gegenüber ASNase zurückzuführen sein. In dem vorausgegangenen Protokoll COALL-05-92 lag der mediane Asn-Spiegel im Serum bei 65 % Patienten mindestens 5 Wochen nach Gabe von 45 000 IE/m² nativer C-ASNase i. v unterhalb der Nachweisgrenze. Schlussfolgerung: 2 500 IE/m² PEG-ASNase führt zu einer gleich langen Depletion im Serum wie 45 000 IE/m² native C-ASNase i. v., wie es im COALL-05-92 verwendet wurde.
Key words
asparaginase - aspraragine - PEG - acute lymphoblastic leukemia
Schlüsselwörter
Asparaginase - Asparagin - PEG - akute lymphoblastische Leukämie
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Prof. Dr. G. Janka-Schaub
University Children's Hospital of Hamburg · Department of Hematology and Oncology
Martinistr. 52
20246 Hamburg
Germany
Phone: +49/40/428 03 25 80
Fax: +49/40/428 03 46 01
Email: janka@uke.uni-hamburg.de