Blutzuckerwerte bei chronisch schizophrenen Patienten unter antipsychotischer Behandlung

Zusammenfassung

Anliegen Untersuchung der Blutzuckerwerte chronisch schizophrener Patienten unter antipsychotischer Behandlung. Methode Auswertung der Nüchternblutzuckerwerte von 177 Patienten nach einer Behandlungsdauer von 17,8 ± 8,7 Jahren. Ergebnisse 24,3 % hatten erhöhte Nüchternblutzuckerwerte (≥ 126 mg/dl). Dieser Anteil ist höher als der von Diabetikern in der Allgemeinbevölkerung. Die verschiedenen Gruppen von Antipsychotika wiesen Unterschiede hinsichtlich der Häufigkeit erhöhter Blutzuckerwerte auf. Schlussfolgerungen Langfristig mit Antipsychotika behandelte schizophrene Patienten haben ein erhöhtes Risiko pathologischer Blutzuckerwerte.

Abstract

Objective There is some evidence that the treatment with new („atypical”) antipsychotics is associated with a higher frequency of type 2-diabetes mellitus. Aim In this study the blood glucose levels of consecutively admitted inpatients with chronic schizophrenia were investigated. Methods The base blood glucose levels of 177 consecutively admitted chronic schizophrenic patients were evaluated. Results After long-term treatment (mean duration: 17.8 ± 8.7 years [range 5 - 44 years]) 24.3 % of the investigated patients showed elevated base blood glucose levels (≥ 126 mg/dl). The proportion of patients with elevated blood glucose levels among the schizophrenic patients treated with antipsychotics was significantly higher than the proportion of diabetics in the corresponding age groups in the general population. The comparison of different groups of antipsychotics revealed that those patients treated with conventional neuroleptics and non-dibenzodiazepine derviates (i. e. risperidone) had a lower risk of developing diabetes mellitus than those also receiving dibenzodiazepine derivates (like clozapine, olanzapine). Conclusion Our data showed that schizophrenic patients treated with antipsychotics 5 years or longer had elevated blood glucose levels more frequently than the general population.

Schlüsselwörter

Schizophrenie - Antipsychotika - Hyperglykämie - Diabetes mellitus

Key words

schizophrenia - antipsychotics - hyperglycemia - diabetes mellitus

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