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DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-951362
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Churg-Strauss-Syndrom - Aktueller Stand der Diagnostik und Therapie
Churg-Strauss syndrome - recent developments in diagnosis and treatmentPublication History
eingereicht: 2.5.2006
akzeptiert: 10.8.2006
Publication Date:
11 October 2006 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Das Churg Strauss Syndrom (CSS) ist eine primäre systemische Vaskulitis, die bei Patienten mit einem Asthma bronchiale auftritt und durch eine Blut- und Gewebseosinophilie charakterisiert ist. Das CSS entwickelt sich in der Regel in drei Krankheitsstadien: nach einem langjährigen und schweren Verlauf eines Asthma bronchiale tritt eine Blut- und Gewebseosinophilie auf und geht nach unterschiedlicher Latenz in eine systemische Vaskulitis über. Das CSS ist wie die Wegenscher Granulomatose und die mikroskopische Polyangiitis durch den Nachweis von antineutrophilen cytoplasmatischen Antikörpern (ANCA) charakterisiert, die als pANCA bei 40 bis 75 % der Patienten im akuten Krankheitsstadium nachgewiesen werden können und meist gegen Myeloperoxidase gerichtet sind. Die klinischen Manifestationen des CSS sind Folge einer nekrotisierenden Vaskulitis und/oder einer Gewebseosinophilie und umfassen u. a. eine Schwerpunktneuropathie, pulmonale Infiltrationen und prognostisch ungünstige kardiale Beteiligung. Die Therapie besteht abhängig von Krankheitsschwere und -stadium aus Glukokortikoiden, meist in Kombination mit Immunsuppressiva wie Cyclophosphamid oder Methotrexat. Neuere experimentelle Therapieansätze stellen die Gabe von rekombinantem Interferon-α, Rituximab oder TNF-α-Inhibitoren dar.
Summary
Churg-Strauss syndrome is a primary systemic vasculitis that occurs in patients with asthma and which is characterized by blood and tissue eosinophilia. Usually, CSS develops in three disease stages: following a severe course of asthma, blood and tissue eosinophilia develops which progresses after a variable time period towards a systemic vasculitis. Like Wegener’s granulomatosis and microscopic polyangiitis, CSS is characterised by the presence of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA), which can be detected in 40 - 75 % of patients with active disease and which are directed against myeloperoxidase. The clinical manifestations of CSS are due to a necrotising vasculitis and/or tissue eosinophilia and comprise mononeuritis multiplex, pulmonary infiltrations and cardiac involvement. Dependent on disease activity and stage, therapy consists of glukokortikoids, usually combined with immunosuppressive agents like cyclophosphamide or methotrexate. Novel treatment approaches are the administration of recombinant interferon-α, rituximab and TNF-α-inhibitors.
Schlüsselwörter
Churg-Strauss-Syndrom - Vaskulitis - eosinophile Granulozyten - ANCA
Key words
Churg Strauss syndrome - vasculitis - eosinophil granulocytes - ANCA
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Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. B. Hellmich
Poliklinik für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck
Ratzeburger Allee 160
23538 Lübeck
Phone: 04192/902584
Fax: 04192/902389
Email: hellmich@rheuma-zentrum.de