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DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-970839
Ein Händedruck der Mütter - richtungweisend bei der Diagnostik des floppy infant: Diagnosestellung der myotonen Dystrophie und ihrer kongenitalen Form
Shake Hands with the Mother - Diagnosing a Floppy Infant: Myotonic Dystrophy and the Congenital SubtypePublication History
Publication Date:
06 June 2007 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Die myotone Dystrophie, häufigste degenerative Myopathie des Erwachsenen, ist eine Multiorganerkrankung mit autosomal-dominantem Erbgang. Das klinische Bild variiert stark und kann von einer milden adulten Form mit Myotonie bis zu einer schweren neonatalen Hypotonie mit respiratorischer Insuffizienz reichen. Die kongenitale myotone Dystrophie ist durch eine hohe perinatale Morbidität und Mortalität gekennzeichnet. Nicht selten führt die Diagnose einer kongenitalen myotonen Dystrophie erst zur Diagnose bei der Mutter mit gravierenden Auswirkungen für ihr weiteres Leben, weitere Schwangerschaften und Kinder. Wir berichten über vier Familien, bei denen die mütterliche Erkrankung bis zur Geburt eines betroffenen Kindes nicht bekannt war. Weder Schwangerschaftsanamnese noch geburtshilfliche und neonatale Komplikationen sind spezifisch, ihre Kombination sollte jedoch an das Vorliegen einer kongenitalen myotonen Dystrophie denken lassen. Richtungweisend für die Diagnosestellung waren die typischen fazialen Auffälligkeiten bei der Mutter und das Myotoniezeichen beim Händedruck der Mutter beim Erstbesuch auf der neonatalen Intensivtherapiestation. Das Krankheitsbild wird unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der klinischen Symptome, der Komplikationen und genetischer Aspekte dargestellt.
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy is a multi-organ disease with dominant autosomal transmission. The clinical picture is extremely variable and may range from mild adult-onset myotonia to severe congenital hypotonia with respiratory distress. Congenital myotonic dystrophy is a distinct entity with severe symptoms resulting in a high rate of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The occurence of congenital myotonic dystrophy often allows a subsequent diagnosis in the mother with important implications for her life, further pregnancies and offspring. We present four families in which maternal myotonic dystrophy and congenital myotonic dystrophy were diagnosed after birth of an affected infant. Neither the neonatal nor pregnancy complications are specific, but their combination should suggest the diagnosis. Pointing the way to diagnosis of maternal myotonic dystrophy were the facial abnormalities in the mother together with the delayed release of grip after shaking hands during the first visit of the mother on the neonatal intensive care unit. The disorder is reviewed with respect to clinical symptoms, complications and genetics.
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Dr. med. Ulrike Reuner
Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität
Fetscherstraße 74
01307 Dresden
Email: Ulrike.Reuner@neuro.med.tu-dresden.de