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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027682
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Kardiorespiratorische Effekte der Atmung mit Lippenbremse während des 6-Minuten-Gehtests bei Patienten mit schwerer COPD
Cardiorespiratory Effects of Pursed-Lips-Breathing during 6-Minute-Walk-Test in Patients with Severe COPDPublication History
eingereicht: 25.9.2007
angenommen: 18.11.2007
Publication Date:
15 August 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Obwohl bei der Behandlung von Atemwegserkrankungen viele verschiedene Arten der Physiotherapie angewendet werden, weisen nicht alle gute Evidenz auf. Das Atmen mit Lippenbremse (Pursed-lips breathing, PLB) ist eine einfache und häufig eingesetzte Methode, um Patienten mit obstruktiven Atemwegsbeschwerden das Atmen bei Belastung zu erleichtern. Nicht jeder Patient mit chronisch-obstruktiver Lungenerkrankung (Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD) führt diese Form der Atmung spontan aus.
Ziel: Bestätigung der Nullhypothese, dass Patienten mit schwerer COPD nicht mit PLB geholfen werden kann.
Methoden: In einer prospektiven, randomisierten Crossover-Studie wurde untersucht, ob PLB die funktionelle Leistungsfähigkeit von Patienten mit schwerer COPD erhöhen kann. Dazu absolvierten die Patienten einen 6-Minuten-Gehtest (6-MGT) mit und ohne PLB (verhindert durch ein Mundstück mit weiter Öffnung). Gemessen wurden Herzfrequenz (HF), O2-Sättigung (SpO2, Pulsoxymeter), Dyspnoe (modifizierte Borg-Skala) vor und nach dem 6-MGT sowie die zurückgelegte Strecke und Pausen und Unterbrechungen.
Ergebnisse: Die Tests an 14 Patienten ergaben, dass das Atmen mit Lippenbremse den O 2-Sättigungsabfall und den Herzfrequenzanstieg unter Belastung verringerte. Dabei hatten die Patienten weniger subjektive Dyspnoe und erreichten eine längere Strecke im 6-MGT.
Schlussfolgerung: Die funktionelle Leistungsfähigkeit von Patienten mit schwerer COPD lässt sich durch PLB verbessern. Atemlosigkeit und Belastung des Atmungssystems werden günstig beeinflusst. Aufgrund der progressiven Natur der Krankheit sollten alle COPD-Patienten das Atmen mit Lippenbremse erlernen.
Abstract
Background: Although many different types of physical therapy are commonly applied in the treatment of respiratory disease, there is no good evidence for all of them. Pursed-lips-breathing (PLB) is an easy and commonly used method to help patients with obstructive ventilatory disease to breathe under physical stress. Not each patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) performs PLB spontaneously.
Objective: Verification of the null hypothesis that PLB has no benefit for patients with severe COPD.
Methods: A prospective randomised cross-over trial was carried out to test whether PLB can improve functional performance in patients with severe COPD. Patients performed a 6-minute-walk-test (6-MWT) with and without PLB (prevented by a mouthpiece). Heart-rate, O 2-saturation (pulse oximeter), dyspnoea (modified Borg scale) before and after 6-MWT as well as the walking distance and breaks were measured.
Results: The evaluation of 14 patients showed that PLB improved saturation decrease and heart rate acceleration under physical stress. The patients had less subjective dyspnoea and achieved a longer distance in the 6-MWT.
Conclusions: Functional performance of patients with severe COPD can be improved by PLB. Breathlessness and stress on the respiratory system are beneficially modified. Because of the progressive nature of the disease, all COPD patients should be taught PLB.
Schlüsselwörter
Lippenbremse - COPD - 6-Minuten-Gehtest - Atemlosigkeit
Key words
pursed-lip breathing - COPD - 6-minute-walk-test - breathlessness
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