Fractures of the coronoid process of the ulna

Author summary

Three types of fractures of the coronoid process of the ulna were described based on x-ray findings: Type I - avulsion of the tipp of the process; Type II - a fragment involving 50% of the process or less; and Type III - a fragment involving more than 50% of the process. Associated injuries, such as a concurrent dislocation or fracture, were seen in 14%, 56%, and 80% of these patients, respectively. The percentage of patients with excellent or good results (based on an objective elbow-performance index) varied by fracture type: 92% for Type-I-fracture, 73% for Type-II, and 20% for Type III. Reoperation and heterotopic bone formation were most frequent with Type III fractures and least common in patients with Type-I-fractures. For patients with Type-I- or II-fractures, early motion within 3 weeks after injury was recommended. For patients with Type-III-fractures, reduction and fixation, followed by early motion when possible, was considered to be the preferred treatment.