Is irritable bowel syndrome also present in dogs?

Summary

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in humans is described as the recurrent presence of gastrointestinal signs, without gross histopathologic evidence of inflammation and of other morphologic lesions; however, it is a syndrome not unanimously defined in veterinary medicine. There is some evidence that dysmotility could be related to stressors in some dogs that present with clinical signs (e.g. chronic idiopathic large-bowel diarrhea) that share overlapping aspects with human IBS. The authors hypothesize that an IBS-like condition, similar to that described in humans, might also be present in dogs. Nevertheless, the diagnostic path for canine IBS needs to be further elucidated and its pathogenesis better defined for a more rational therapeutic approach.

Zusammenfassung

In der Humanmedizin beschreibt der Begriff Reizdarmsyndrom das Auftreten wiederkehrender gastrointestinaler Symptome ohne ausgeprägte entzündliche oder andere morphologische Veränderungen in Darmbioptaten. In der Veterinärmedizin ist dieses Syndrom nicht einheitlich definiert. Es gibt jedoch Hinweise, dass bei Hunden Motilitätsstörungen des Magen-Darm-Trakts aufgrund verschiedener Stressfaktoren zu klinischen Symptomen (z. B. chronische idiopathische Dickdarmdiarrhö) führen, die in einigen Aspekten dem Reizdarmsyndrom des Menschen entsprechen. Die Autoren vermuten, dass beim Hund ein klinisches Äquivalent des Reizdarmsyndroms des Menschen vorliegt. Die Pathogenese dieses Syndroms und Kriterien zur Diagnosestellung müssen jedoch besser definiert werden.

Keywords

Functional gastrointestinal dysmotility - stress - microbiota - diarrhea - vomiting

Schlüsselwörter

Funktionelle gastrointestinale Dysmotilität - Stressfaktoren - Mikrobiota - Diarrhö - Erbrechen

• References

• 1 Baum B, Meneses F, Kleinschmidt S, Nolte I, Hewicker-Trautwein M. Agerelated histomorphologic changes in the canine gastrointestinal tract: A histologic and immunohistologic study. World J Gastroenterol 2007; 13: 152-157.
• 2 Benno P, Dahlgren AL, Befrits R, Norin E, Hellström PM, Midtvedt T. From IBS to DBS: The Dysbiotic Bowel Syndrome. J Investig Med High Impact Case Rep 2016; 04: 2324709616648458.
• 3 Bischoff SC, Krämer S. Human mast cells, bacteria, and intestinal immunity. Immunol Rev 2007; 217: 329-337.
• 4 Bischoff SC. Physiological and pathophysiological functions of intestinal mast cells. Semin Immunopathol 2009; 03 (01) 185-205.
• 5 Bolino CM, Bercik P. Pathogenic factors involved in the development of irritable bowel syndrome: focus on a microbial role. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2010; 24: 961-975.
• 6 Boman HG. Innate immunity and the normal microflora. Immunol Rev 2000; 173: 5-16.
• 7 Cerquetella M, Spaterna A, Laus F, Tesei B, Rossi G, Antonelli E, Villanacci V, Bassotti G. Inflammatory bowel disease in the dog: differences and similarities with humans. World J Gastroenterol 2010; 16: 1050-1056.
• 8 Chang L. The Role of Stress on Physiological Responses and Clinical Symptoms in Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Gastroenterology 2011; 140: 761-765.
• 9 Chey WD, Kurlander J, Eswaran S. Irritable bowel syndrome: a clinical review. JAMA 2015; 313: 949-958.
• 10 Edwards JF, Fossum TW, Willard MD, Cohen ND, Patterson WB, Carey DP. Changes in the intestinal mucosal cell populations of German shepherd dogs fed diets containing different protein sources. Am J Vet Res 1995; 56: 340-348.
• 11 German AJ, Hall EJ, Day MJ. Analysis of leucocyte subsets in the canine intestine. J Comp Path 1999; 120: 129-145.
• 12 Gué M, Peeters T, Depoortere I, Vantrappen G, Buéno L. Stress-induced changes in gastric emptying, postprandial motility, and plasma gut hormone levels in dogs. Gastroenterology 1989; 97: 1101-1107.
• 13 Guilford WG. Motility disorders of the bowel. In: Strombeck’s Small Animal Gastroenterology. 3rd. edn. Guilford WG, Center SA, Strombeck DR, Williams DA, Meyer D. eds. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1996: 532-539.
• 14 Hanevik K, Wensaas KA, Rortveit G, Eide GE, Mørch K, Langeland N. Irritable bowel syndrome and chronic fatigue 6 years after giardia infection: a controlled prospective cohort study. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 59: 1394-1400.
• 15 Henroteaux M. [Results of an endoscopical study of canine colonic diseases. Predominance of idopathic colitis]. Ann Méd Vét 1990; 134: 389-392 [in French].
• 16 Jeffery IB, O’Toole PW, Öhman L, Claesson MJ, Deane J, Quigley EM, Simrén M. An irritable bowel syndrome subtype defined by species-specific alterations in faecal microbiota. Gut 2012; 61: 997-1006.
• 17 Jeffery P, Zhu J. Mucin-producing elements and inflammatory cells. Novartis Found Symp 2002; 02 (48) 51-68.
• 18 Kelly JR, Kennedy PJ, Cryan JF, Dinan TG, Clarke G, Hyland NP. Breaking down the barriers: the gut microbiome, intestinal permeability and stressrelated psychiatric disorders. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 09: 392.
• 19 Klem F, Wadhwa A, Prokop L, Sundt W, Farrugia G, Camilleri M, Singh S, Grover M. Prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes of irritable bowel syndrome after infectious enteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastroenterology 2017; 152: 1042-1054.
• 20 Lacy BE, Mearin F, Chang L, Chey WD, Lembo AJ, Simren M, Spiller R. Bowel disorders. Gastroenterology 2016; 150: 1393-1407.
• 21 Lecoindre P, Gaschen FP. Chronic idiopathic large bowel diarrhea in the dog. Vet Clin Small Anim 2011; 41: 447-456.
• 22 Lei Y, Chen J. Inhibitory effects of various types of stress on gastric tone and gastric myoelectrical activity in dogs. Scand J Gastroenterol 2009; 44: 557-563.
• 23 Leib MS. Irritable bowel syndrome in dogs: fact or fiction?. Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet 2009; 31 (2 Suppl A): 13-16.
• 24 Leib MS. Treatment of chronic idiopathic large-bowel diarrhea in dogs with a highly digestible diet and soluble fiber: a retrospective review of 37 cases. J Vet Intern Med 2000; 14: 27-32.
• 25 Marshall JK, Thabane M, Garg AX, Clark WF, Moayyedi P, Collins SM. Eight year prognosis of postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome following waterborne bacterial dysentery. Gut 2010; 59: 605-611.
• 26 Morita H, Mochiki E, Takahashi N, Kawamura K, Watanabe A, Sutou T, Ogawa A, Yanai M, Ogata K, Fujii T, Ohno T, Tsutsumi S, Asao T, Kuwano H. Effects of 5-HT2B, 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptor antagonists on gastrointestinal motor activity in dogs. World J Gastroenterol 2013; 19: 6604-6612.
• 27 Muelas MS, Ramirez P, Parrilla P, Ruiz JM, Perez JM, Candel MF, Aguilar J, Carrasco L. Vagal system involvement in changes in small bowel motility during restraint stress: an experimental study in the dog. Br J Surg 1993; 80: 479-483.
• 28 Nagakura Y, Kamato T, Nishida A, Ito H, Yamano M, Miyata K. Characterization of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor subtypes influencing colonic motility in conscious dogs. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 1996; 353: 489-498.
• 29 Naitoh T, Garcia-Ruiz A, Vladisavljevic A, Matsuno S, Gagner M. Gastrointestinal transit and stress response after laparoscopic vs conventional distal pancreatectomy in the canine model. Surg Endosc 2002; 16: 1627-1630.
• 30 O’Sullivan M, Clayton N, Breslin NP, Harman I, Bountra C, McLaren A, O’Morain CA. Increased mast cells in the irritable bowel syndrome. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2000; 12: 449-457.
• 31 Oświęcimska J, Szymlak A, Roczniak W, Girczys-Połedniok K, Kwiecień J. New insights into the pathogenesis and treatment of irritable bowel syndrome. Adv Med Sci 2017; 62: 17-30.
• 32 Parrilla P, Ramirez P, Muelas MS, Perez JM, Fuente T, Ruiz JM, Ponce JL. Changes in small intestinal motility in acute physical stress – an experimental study. Hepatogastroenterology 1990; 37: 140-146.
• 33 Qin H-Y, Wu JCY, Tong X-D, Sung JJY, Xu H-X, Bian Z-X. Systematic review of animal models of post-infectious/post-inflammatory irritable bowel syndrome. J Gastroenterol 2011; 46: 164-174.
• 34 Raskov H, Burcharth J, Pommergaard H-C, Rosenberg J. Irritable bowel syndrome, the microbiota and the gut-brain axis. Gut Microbes 2016; 07: 365-383.
• 35 Santoni G, Cardinali C, Morelli MB, Santoni M, Nabissi M, Amantini C. Dangerand pathogen-associated molecular patterns recognition by pattern-recognition receptors and ion channels of the transient receptor potential family triggers the inflammasome activation in immune cells and sensory neurons. J Neuroinflammation 2015; 12: 21.
• 36 Schoenfeld PS. Advances in IBS 2016: a review of current and emerging data. Gastroenterol Hepatol (NY) 2016; 12 (Suppl. 03) 1-11.
• 37 Schwille-Kiuntke J, Enck P, Zendler C, Krieg M, Polster AV, Klosterhalfen S, Autenrieth IB, Zipfel S, Frick JS. Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome: follow-up of a patient cohort of confirmed cases of bacterial infection with Salmonella or Campylobacter. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2011; 23: e479-e488.
• 38 Schwittlick U, Junginger J, Hahn K, Habierski A, Hewicker-Trautwein M. Histamine receptor expression in the gastrointestinal tract of dogs. Anat Histol Embryol 2017; 46: 33-42.
• 39 Shafik A, Shafik AA, El Sibai O, Shafik IA. Effect of severe stress on the gastric motor activity: canine study of mechanism of action. Am J Med Sci 2009; 337: 173-175.
• 40 Silk DB, Davis A, Vulevic J, Tzortzis G, Gibson GR. Clinical trial: the effects of a trans-galactooligosaccharide prebiotic on faecal microbiota and symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2009; 29: 508-518.
• 41 Sonea IM, Harkins K, Wannemuehler MJ, Jergens AE, Merten EA, Sacco RE, Cunnick JE. Flow cytometric analysis of canine colonic mucosal lymphocytes from endoscopically obtained biopsy specimens. Am J Vet Res 1999; 60: 3463-353.
• 42 Spiller R, Garsed K. Postinfectious irritable bowel syndrome. Gastroenterology 2009; 136: 1979-1988.
• 43 Thabane M, Kottachchi DT, Marshall JK. Systematic review and metaanalysis: the incidence and prognosis of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2007; 26: 535-544.
• 44 Unterer S, Kilian E, Mueller RS, Wess G, Hartmann K. Long-term implications of canine parvovirus infection. Research Communications of the 26th European College of Veterinary Internal Medicine – Companion Animals (ECVIM-CA) Congress, 08-10 September 2016, Goteborg, Sweden. Abstract in J Vet Intern Med 2017; 31: 224.
• 45 Videlock EJ, Chang L. Irritable bowel syndrome: current approach to symptoms, evaluation, and treatment. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 2007; 36: 665-685.
• 46 Washabau RJ. Antispasmodic Agents. In: Canine and Feline Gastroenterology. Washabau RJ, Day MJ. eds. St. Louis: Elsevier Saunders; 2013: 481-485.
• 47 Wood JD. Enteric neuroimmunophysiology and pathophysiology. Gastroenterology 2004; 127: 635-657.
• 48 Zanini B, Ricci C, Bandera F, Caselani F, Magni A, Laronga AM, Lanzini A. Incidence of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome and functional intestinal disorders following a water-borne viral gastroenteritis outbreak. Am J Gastroenterol 2012; 107: 891-899.
• 49 Zhang L, Song J, Hou X. Mast cells and irritable bowel syndrome: from the bench to the bedside. J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2016; 22: 181-192.