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Kinder- und Jugendmedizin 2015; 15(04): 250-254
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1629277
Adipositas
Schattauer GmbH

Bewegung und Sport im Kontext der kindlichen Adipositas

Physical activity and exercise in juvenile obesity
C. Graf
1   Abteilung Bewegungs- und Gesundheitsförderung am Institut für Bewegungs- und Neurowissenschaft, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln
,
F. Bagheri
1   Abteilung Bewegungs- und Gesundheitsförderung am Institut für Bewegungs- und Neurowissenschaft, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln
,
N. Ferrari
1   Abteilung Bewegungs- und Gesundheitsförderung am Institut für Bewegungs- und Neurowissenschaft, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Eingereicht am: 17 March 2015

angenommen am: 07 April 2015

Publication Date:
29 January 2018 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Übergewicht und Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter haben weltweit einen Höchst-stand erreicht. In der Prävention und Therapie spielen Bewegung, Spiel und Sport sowie die Vermeidung/Reduktion von sitzender Tätigkeit eine zentrale Rolle. Dabei geht es um die Steigerung des Kalorienverbrauchs sowie die positive Beeinflussung zahlreicher potenzieller Komorbiditäten, zum Beispiel kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren. Hinzu kommen günstige psychosoziale Aspekte, zum Beispiel Stärkung des Selbstvertrauens und der Selbstkompetenz. Bei der Durchführung müssen aber mögliche Risiken, zum Beispiel Belastungsasthma, ebenso wie potenzielle Barrieren berücksichtigt werden. Auch in der (Bewegungs-)Therapie gilt es, das gesamte kindliche Umfeld zu integrieren und insbesondere den Transfer in den häuslichen Alltag zu unterstützen. Zu diesem Zweck sollten daher neben sportlichen Inhalten insbesondere Alltagsaktivitäten eingeübt und gefördert werden, zum Beispiel durch die Nutzung von Schrittzählern. Als Bewegungsziel gelten täglich mindestens 90 und mehr Minuten an körperlicher Aktivität, die Nutzung audiovisueller Medien sollte hingegen auf ein Minimum reduziert (maximal 120 Minuten) oder in Form von Exergames oder APPs ggf. sogar zur Unterstützung eingesetzt werden.

Summary

Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents had reached its highest level worldwide. In the development of overweight and within interdisciplinary training programs physical activity and the avoidance of sedentary habits play an important role. Besides an increase in energy consumption potential comorbidities, e. g. cardiovascular risk factors, are improved. In addition positive psychosocial benefits occur, e. g. strengthening of self-esteem, personal and social skills. During the realization possible risks, e. g. exercise induced asthma, and barriers has to be taken into account. In terms of physical activity programs the children’s surrounding has to be integrated and the transfer in daily routine should be promoted. Therefore, in addition to athletic contents daily activities have to be trained and supported, e. g. via pedometers. At least 90 and more minutes of physical activity per day are recommended, the use of audiovisual media should be reduced to a minimum (max. 120 min) or in terms of exergames or APPs integrated.

Schlüsselwörter

Körperliche Aktivität - Kinder - Jugendliche - Adipositas - Sport

Keywords

Physical activity - exercise - children - adolescents - obesity
 

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