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Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2007; 9(5): 608-619
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-965432
Review Article

Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart KG · New York

Sulfur-Enhanced Defence: Effects of Sulfur Metabolism, Nitrogen Supply, and Pathogen Lifestyle

C. Kruse1 , R. Jost2 , M. Lipschis1 , B. Kopp1 , M. Hartmann1 , R. Hell1
  • 1Heidelberg Institute of Plant Science, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 360, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
  • 2Research School of Biological Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia
Further Information

Publication History

Received: October 13, 2006

Accepted: April 30, 2007

Publication Date:
13 September 2007 (online)

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Abstract

Evidence from field experiments indicates differential roles of sulfur and nitrogen supply for plant resistance against pathogens. Dissection of these observations in defined pathosystems and controlled nutritional conditions indicates an activation of plant sulfur metabolism in several incompatible and compatible interactions. Contents of cysteine and glutathione as markers of primary sulfate assimilation and stress response show increases in Arabidopsis thaliana upon infection, coinciding with the synthesis of sulfur-containing defence compounds. Similar increases of thiols were observed with necrotrophic, biotrophic, and hemibiotrophic pathogens. Sulfate supply was found to be neutral or beneficial for tolerance against fungal but neutral for bacterial pathogens under in vitro conditions. According to various reports and own observations the effects of nitrogen supply appeared to be neutral or harmful, depending on the pathogen. The activation of sulfur metabolism was a consequence of activation of gene expression as revealed by macroarray analysis of an A. thaliana/Alternaria brassicicola pathosystem. This activation appeared to be largely independent from sufficient or optimal sulfate supply and from the established sulfate deficiency response. The data suggest that plant-pathogen interactions and sulfur metabolism are linked by jasmonic acid as signal.

Key words

Sulfur nutrition - sulfur metabolism - pathogen resistance - Arabidopsis - glutathione - expression profiling - glucosinolates - thionin

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R. Hell

Heidelberg Institute of Plant Science
University of Heidelberg

Im Neuenheimer Feld 360

69120 Heidelberg

Germany

Email: rhell@hip.uni-hd.de

Guest Editor: T. Rausch

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