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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027241
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Optische Kohärenztomographie des vorderen Augenabschnittes bei Glaukom
Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography in GlaucomaPublikationsverlauf
Eingegangen: 20.12.2007
Angenommen: 7.2.2008
Publikationsdatum:
20. März 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Die in den letzten Jahren erfolgte rasante Entwicklung im Bereich der diagnostischen optischen Verfahren brachte die Optische Kohärenztomographie (OCT) als neueres, nichtinvasives Diagnoseverfahren hervor. Durch die technische Weiterentwicklung im langwelligen Infrarot-Spektrum bei 1310 nm konnte die Optische Kohärenztomographie (OCT) auch am vorderen Augenabschnitt erfolgen. Mittels Vorderabschnitts-OCT können beim Glaukom verschiedene Untersuchungen, welche bislang als Kontaktverfahren mittels Ultraschall erfolgten, berührungsfrei Anwendung finden: Pachymetrie, Goniometrie, Darstellung der Iris- und Linsenkonfiguration sowie postoperative Befunde nach verschiedenen Glaukomoperationen wie Trabekulektomie, tiefer Sklerektomie und Glaukom-Drainage-Implantaten. Darüber hinaus bietet sich für Glaukomfragestellungen die OCT am vorderen Augenabschnitt bei experimentellen Ansätzen als bildgebendes Verfahren an. Zur Verfügung stehen derzeit zwei kommerzielle Geräte: SL OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg) und Visante® OCT (Zeiss Meditec, Jena). Für alle Anwendungen liefert die OCT eine hohe Inter- und Intraobserver-Reproduzierbarkeit und ist bei höherem Patientenkomfort der Ultraschallgenauigkeit gleichwertig. Bei einzelnen Anwendungen sind im direkten Vergleich mit der Ultraschalltechnik je nach Gerätetyp geringgradige Unterschiede evaluierbar, weshalb bei allen Messungen eine Geräteangabe erfolgen sollte. Die OCT ermöglicht eine präzise, zweidimensionale, kontaktfreie Darstellung des Vorderabschnitts in hoher Auflösung. Für glaukomatöse Erkrankungen ergänzt und bereichert die Vorderabschnitts-OCT das Armamentarium in der Glaukomdiagnostik und postoperativen Nachsorge der verschiedensten, derzeit modernen Glaukomoperationen.
Abstract
In recent years, the rapid development of diagnostic optic devices has generated optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a new, non-invasive diagnostic method. With technical progress of the infrared spectrum at 1310 nm, OCT of the anterior segment also became feasible. With anterior segment OCT different examinations which so far were ruled out by ultrasound in contact manner could be executed in a non-contact technique: pachymetry, goniometry, illustration of iris and lens configuration as well as postoperative results after different glaucoma surgeries such as trabeculectomy, deep sclerectomy and glaucoma drainage devices. Additionally, anterior segment OCT provides an imaging device for experimental approaches in glaucoma. Today two commercially available units are available: SL OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) und Visante® OCT (Zeiss Meditec, Jena, Germany). For all applications OCT delivered a high inter- and intraobserver reproducibility, is equal to ultrasound in accuracy and involves a higher patient comfort. Within the different applications, a direct comparison with ultrasound technique reveals minor differences depending on the device type. Therefore, it is advised to indicate the device type with all measurements. OCT enables precise, two-dimensional, non-contact imaging of the anterior segment in high resolution. For glaucomatous diseases, anterior segment OCT enlarges and enriches the armamentarium of glaucoma diagnostics and postoperative care of current modern glaucoma surgery.
Schlüsselwörter
OCT - Glaukom - Pachymetrie - Goniometrie - Glaukomchirurgie
Key words
OCT - glaucoma - pachymetry - goniometry - glaucoma surgery
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