Phonologische Prozesse in der deutschen Sprache türkisch-deutsch bilingualer Kinder

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Kenntnisse über den typischen Ausspracheerwerb sind notwendig, um Aussprachestörungen identifizieren zu können. Hierbei spielt die phonologische Prozessanalyse eine wichtige Rolle. Informationen zum Ausspracheerwerb bilingualer Kinder sind bislang rar, sodass eine Diagnosestellung erschwert ist.

Methode Mit Hilfe eines Bilderbenenntests wurden die phonologischen Prozesse im Deutschen von 84 türkisch-deutsch bilingualen Kindern im Alter von 3;0–5;5 Jahren untersucht.

Ergebnis Bis auf wenige Ausnahmen (z. B. Vokalfehler) wurden nur phonologische Prozesse im Deutschen beobachtet, die denen monolingualer Kinder entsprechen. Diese wurden meist später als von monolingualen Kindern überwunden. Simultan und sukzessiv bilingual aufwachsende Kinder unterschieden sich hier kaum.

Diskussion Die Ergebnisse bestätigen bisherige Pilotstudien zum türkisch-deutschen Phonologieerwerb und können zur Orientierung in der sprachtherapeutischen Aussprachediagnostik herangezogen werden.

Abstract

Background A reliable identification of speech sound disorders (SSD) requires detailed knowledge about the typical speech acquisition process, specifically about phonological patterns. To date, data on speech acquisition in bilingual populations are rare, which hinders the diagnostic process with regard to SSDs in bilingual children.

Methods Eighty-four typically developing children growing up bilingual Turkish-German (aged 3;0–5;5) were assessed on a picture naming test for German in order to investigate the occurring phonological patterns.

Results Excluding very few exceptions (e. g. vowel errors), the Turkish-German-speaking participants mainly showed error patterns in German that are typical for monolingual children acquiring German but with a later age of suppression. Differences between children growing up simultaneous bilingual or successive bilingual were minimal.

Discussion The present findings concerning phonological acquisition in Turkish-German bilinguals confirm previous pilot studies and could be used as preliminary clinical guidance when diagnosing SSDs in Turkish-German bilingual children.

Schlüsselwörter

Phonologische Prozesse - Bilingualität - türkisch-deutsch - Ausspracheentwicklung

Keywords

Phonological patterns - bilingualism - Turkish-German - phonological development

• Literatur

• 1 Dodd B. Differential diagnosis and treatment of children with speech disorder. London: Whurr; 1995
• 2 McLeod S, Baker E. Childrenʼs speech: An evidence-based approach to assessment and intervention. Boston, USA: Pearson; 2017
• 3 Fox AV. Kindliche Aussprachestörungen. Phonologischer Erwerb – Differenzialdiagnostik – Therapie. 7. Aufl. Idstein: Schulz-Kirchner; 2016
• 4 Chilla S, Haberzettl S. Hrsg. Handbuch Spracherwerb und Sprachentwicklungsstörungen. Mehrsprachigkeit. München: Elsevier; 2014
• 5 Gildersleeve-Neumann CE, Wright KL. English speech acquisition in 3- to 5-year-old children learning Russian and English. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 2010; 41: 429-442
• 6 Goldstein BA, Fabiano L, Washington PS. Phonological skills in predominantly English-speaking, predominantly Spanish-speaking, and Spanish-English bilingual children. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 2005; 36: 201-218
• 7 Grech H, Dodd B. Phonological acquisition in Malta: A bilingual language learning context. International Journal of Bilingualism 2008; 12: 155-171
• 8 Holm A, Dodd B. Phonological development and disorder of bilingual children acquiring Cantonese and English. In: Zhu H, Dodd B. , Hrsg. Phonological development and disorders in children: A multilingual perspective. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters; 2006: 286-325
• 9 Bunta F, Fabiano-Smith L, Goldstein BA. et al. Phonological whole-word measures in 3-year-old bilingual children and their age-matched monolingual peers. Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics 2009; 23: 156-175
• 10 Goldstein BA, Bunta F, Lange J. et al. The effects of measures of language experience and language ability on segmental accuracy in bilingual children. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 2010; 19: 238-247
• 11 Morrow A, Goldstein BA, Gilhool A. et al. Phonological skills in English language learners. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 2014; 45: 26-39
• 12 Fabiano-Smith L, Barlow JA. Interaction in bilingual phonological acquisition: Evidence from phonetic inventories. International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 2010; 13: 81-97
• 13 Kim J-H, Ballard E, McCann CM. Error analysis of Korean-English bilingual children’s speech productions. Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders 2016; 1: 11-29
• 14 Gildersleeve-Neumann CE, Peña ED, Davis BL. et al. Effects on L1 during early acquisition of L2: Speech changes in Spanish at first English contact. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 2009; 12: 259-272
• 15 Bankson NW, Bernthal JE, Flipsen Jr P. Speech sound assessment procedures. In: Bernthal JE, Bankson NW, Flipsen Jr P. , Hrsg. Articulation and phonological disorders Speech sound disorders in children. 7. Aufl. New York: Pearson; 2013: 180-211
• 16 Salameh EK, Nettelbladt U, Norlin K. Assessing phonologies in bilingual Swedish-Arabic children with and without language impairment. Child Language Teaching and Therapy 2003; 19: 338-364
• 17 So LKH, Leung CSS. Phonological development of Cantonese-Putonghua bilingual children. In: Zhu H, Dodd B. , Hrsg. Phonological development and disorders in children: A multilingual perspective. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters; 2006: 413-428
• 18 Winter K. Numbers of bilingual children in speech and language therapy: Theory and practice of measuring their representation. International Journal of Bilingualism 2001; 5: 465-495
• 19 Statistisches Bundesamt (Destatis). Statistisches Jahrbuch. Deutschland und Internationales. Zwickau: Westerrmann Druck Zwickau/Statistisches Bundesamt; 2019
• 20 Lüke C, Ritterfeld U. Mehrsprachige Kinder in sprachtherapeutischer Behandlung: Eine Bestandsaufnahme. Heilpädagogische Forschung 2011; 37: 188-197
• 21 Naş V. Bedeutung muttersprachlich normierter Artikulationstests für bilinguale Kinder. Forum Logopädie 2015; 29: 12-16
• 22 Melzer J, Ring A, Petermann F. et al. Phonemerwerb monolingualer und mehrsprachiger Kinder im Vorschulalter. Logos 2018; 26: 84-92
• 23 Salgert KM, Fricke S, Wells BW. Bilingualer Phonologieerwerb bei türkisch-deutsch-sprachigen Kindern. ISES VII. Leipzig: 2012
• 24 Ünsal F, Fox AV. Lautspracherwerb bei zweisprachigen Migrantenkindern (Türkisch-Deutsch). Forum Logopädie 2002; 16: 10-15
• 25 Albrecht KM. The Identification of Typical and Atypical Phonological Acquisition in Turkish-German Bilingual Children [Dissertation]. Sheffield: University of Sheffield; 2017
• 26 Topbaş S, Yavaş M. Phonological acquisition and disorders in Turkish. In: Zhu H, Dodd B. , Hrsg. Phonological development and disorders in children: A multilingual perspective. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters; 2006: 233-261
• 27 Fox-Boyer AV. PLAKSS II. Psycholinguistische Diagnostik kindlicher Aussprachestörungen II. Frankfurt: Pearson Assessment; 2014
• 28 Fox-Boyer A, Meyer S, Keul R. Reliabilität und Validität der PLAKSS-II [in Vorb.].
• 29 International Phonetic Association. Handbook of the International Phonetic Association. A guide to use the International Phonetic Alphabet. Cambridge: Cambrige University Press; 1999
• 30 Fox-Boyer A, Frank A, Bjerkan K. Phonological development in Norwegian-speaking children [in Vorb.].
• 31 Lewis GL. Turkish Grammar. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1967
• 32 MacWhinney B. A unified model. In: Robinson P, Ellis NC. , Hrsg. Handbook of cognitive linguistics and second language acquisition. New York/Oxon: Routledge; 2008: 341-371
• 33 Birner-Janusch B, Lauer N. Sprechapraxie im Kindes- und Erwachsenenalter. 2. Aufl. Stuttgart: Thieme; 2010