Möglichkeiten und Limitationen der CT-gesteuerten Intervention

Zusammenfassung

Die CT-gesteuerte transthorakale Lungenbiopsie (CT-TTNB) ist eine essenzielle Methode zur Diagnostik pulmonaler Rundherde und Raumforderungen. Mit einer Sensitivität von 85–97% und einer Spezifität von 85–100% bietet sie eine hohe diagnostische Genauigkeit. Durch den Einsatz von Core-Needle-Biopsien können qualitativ hochwertige Gewebeproben gewonnen werden, die molekulare Analysen für eine personalisierte Therapie ermöglichen.
Parallel hat sich die Lungenablation als wertvolle minimalinvasive Therapie etabliert. Verfahren wie Radiofrequenzablation (RFA), Mikrowellenablation (MWA) und Kryoablation ermöglichen eine gezielte Tumorzerstörung, insbesondere bei inoperablen Patienten mit NSCLC oder Lungenmetastasen. Studien belegen eine hohe lokale Tumorkontrolle bei akzeptablen Komplikationsraten. Die Kombination aus Bildgebung und interventioneller Technik bietet gute Ergebnisse bei niedrigen Komplikationsraten.
Insgesamt sind CT-gesteuerte Punktion und Ablation integrale Bestandteile der modernen Diagnostik bei primären und sekundären Lungentumoren, und bietet gleichzeitig eine neue Therapieoption. Sie bieten präzise, risikoarme Alternativen zu invasiven Verfahren und tragen können daher zu einer effektiven Patientenversorgung beitragen.

Abstract

CT-guided transthoracic lung biopsy (CT-TTNB) is an essential method for the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules and masses. With a sensitivity of 85–97% and a specificity of 85–100%, it offers high diagnostic accuracy. By using core-needle biopsies, high-quality tissue samples can be obtained that enable molecular analyses for personalised therapy.
At the same time, lung ablation has established itself as a valuable minimally invasive therapy. Procedures such as radiofrequency ablation (RFA), microwave ablation (MWA) and cryoablation enable targeted tumour destruction, particularly in inoperable patients with NSCLC or lung metastases. Studies have shown a high level of local tumour control with acceptable complication rates. The combination of imaging and interventional technique significantly improves patient safety and treatment outcomes and offers good results with low complication rates.
Overall, CT-guided puncture and ablation are integral components of modern lung cancer diagnostics for primary and secondary lung tumours, while offering a new treatment option and therapy. They offer precise, low-risk alternatives to invasive procedures and can therefore make a significant contribution to effective patient care.

Schlüsselwörter

Thoraxpunktion - Lungenkrebs - Metastasen - Ablation

Keywords

thoracic biopsy - ablation - lungcancer - lung metastasis

Publication History

Received: 06 February 2025

Accepted after revision: 22 July 2025

Article published online:
25 August 2025

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