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Am J Perinatol 2022; 39(04): 349-353
DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1740250
SMFM Fellowship Series Article

Glycemic Control and Aspirin Resistance in Patients Taking Low-Dose Aspirin for Pre-eclampsia Prevention

Stephen E. Gee
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
,
Marwan Ma'ayeh
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
,
Douglas Kniss
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
,
Mark B. Landon
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
,
Steven G. Gabbe
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
,
Kara M. Rood
1   Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
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Abstract

Objectives To assess the association between aspirin and glycemic control in diabetic, pregnant patients, and the risk for aspirin resistance in those with poor glycemic control across gestation taking low-dose aspirin (LDA) for pre-eclampsia (PEC) prevention.

Study Design We performed a secondary analysis of samples collected during the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units trial of LDA for PEC prevention. A subset of insulin-controlled diabetic patient samples on placebo or 60 mg aspirin daily were evaluated. Glycosylated hemoglobin was measured at randomization, mid-second trimester, and third trimester time points. Thromboxane B2 (TXB2) measurements were previously assessed as part of the original study. Primary outcome was the effect of LDA on glycosylated hemoglobin levels compared with placebo across gestation.

Results Levels of glycosylated hemoglobin increased across gestation in the placebo group (2,067.7 [interquartile range, IQR: 1,624.6–2,713.5 µg/mL] vs. 2,461.9 [1,767.0–3,209.9 µg/mL] vs. 3,244.3 [2,691.5–4,187.0 µg/mL]; p < 0.01) compared with no difference in levels of glycosylated hemoglobin across gestation in the LDA group (2,186.4 [IQR: 1,462.3–3,097.7 µg/mL] vs. 2,337.1 [1,327.7–5,932.6 µg/mL] vs. 2,532.9 [1,804.9–5,511.8 µg/mL]; p = 0.78). Higher levels of glycosylated hemoglobin were associated with increased TXB2 levels prior to randomization (r = 0.67, p < 0.05). Incomplete TXB2 was higher in pregnancies with increasing levels of glycosylated hemoglobin compared with those with decreasing levels of glycosylated hemoglobin across gestation (69.2 vs. 18.1%, p = 0.02).

Conclusion LDA exposure may be beneficial to glycemic control in this patient population. Additionally, poor glycemic control is associated with a higher level of TXB2 in diabetic pregnant patients on LDA. Higher doses of aspirin may be required in these patients to prevent development of PEC.

Key Points

  • Low-dose aspirin may improve glycemic control.

  • Poor glycemic control increases risk for aspirin resistance.

  • Higher doses of aspirin may be required for pre-eclampsia prevention.

Keywords

glycosylated hemoglobin - diabetes - pregnancy - pre-eclampsia


Publication History

Received: 27 January 2021

Accepted: 04 October 2021

Article published online:
02 December 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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