Zusammenfassung
Hyperkaliämie ist eine häufige und weiter zunehmende Erkrankung. Die Genese ist meist
durch das Zusammentreffen mehrerer Faktoren bedingt. Diese sind nicht selten iatrogen
verursacht. Zunehmendes Alter des Patienten, Diabetes mellitus, Störungen des Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosteron-Systems,
antibiotische Hochdosistherapie und Immunsuppressiva sind Ursachen der Hyperkaliämie.
Pathophysiologisch stehen vier Mechanismen im Vordergrund: Nierenfunktionsstörung,
hyporeninämischer Hypoaldosteronismus, tubuläre Störungen, zelluläre Störungen.
Abstract
Hyperkalaemia is a frequent disorder. Usually the combined action of several causative
factors is required to bring about a hyperkalaemia. They are often iatrogenic. Increasing
age, diabetes mellitus, disorders of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, high-dose
antibiotics and immunosuppressive treatment may result in hyperkalaemia. The most
important pathogenetic mechanisms are renal insufficiency, hypoaldosteronism, tubular
disorders and cellular disorders.
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Dr. Thorsten Franz
Prof. Dr. Peter Gross
Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden · Medizinische Klinik III
Fetscherstraße 74
01307 Dresden
