Zusammenfassung
Die Magnetresonanztomografie gilt heute als bevorzugte Bilddiagnostik für Auge und
Orbita. In diesem Beitrag werden die Charakteristika relevanter Pathologien illustriert
(die Bandbreite reicht fallbasiert von vaskulären, entzündlichen und neoplastischen
Ätiologien bis zum Trauma-Setting). Dabei wird das Potenzial innovativer Sequenzen
gezeigt, die neben der reinen Morphologie funktionelle Gewebemerkmale abbilden und
so die Beurteilung erleichtern.
Abstract
Today, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered the diagnostic tool of choice
for eye and orbital pathologies. In this article, the MR image characteristics of
relevant pathologies are illustrated with case-based examples in the context of clinical
findings. Vascular pathologies (such as capillary and cavernous hemangioma), inflammatory
diseases (such as endocrine orbitopathy), and neoplasms (such as lymphoma, uveal melanoma,
retinoblastoma, and ocular/orbital metastasis) are described. Additionally, the role
of MRI in the acute clinical setting and in trauma are discussed. Technical aspects
of MRI encompassing field strength and the utilization of receiver coils to optimize
image quality and achieve high spatial resolution are explained. Next to the use of
common sequences (T1- and T2-weighted sequences) used in standard anatomic imaging
(sAI), the article demonstrates the potential of "multiparametric imaging" (diffusion-weighted
imaging, DWI, and dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging, DCE). These innovative MRI sequences
depict functional tissue features in addition to pure morphology and thus facilitate
radiological assessment.
Schlüsselwörter
Auge - Orbita - MRT - radiologische Diagnostik
Key words
eye - orbital cavity - MRI - diagnostic imaging
