Systemische Therapieoptionen bei lokal fortgeschrittenen und metastasierten myxoiden, dedifferenzierten und pleomorphen Liposarkomen

Zusammenfassung

Noch vor wenigen Jahren haben alle Patienten mit metastasierten Weichteilsarkomen die gleiche Chemotherapie erhalten. Infolge der Erkenntnis, dass es sich bei den verschiedenen Sarkomsubtypen um unterschiedliche Erkrankungen mit unterschiedlichen genetischen Veränderungen und einem unterschiedlichen biologischen Verhalten handelt, wurden allerdings in letzter Zeit zunehmend subtypspezifische medikamentöse Therapieprotokolle eingesetzt. Selbiges gilt auch für die verschiedenen Subtypen von Liposarkomen – das myxoide/rundzellige Liposarkom, das dedifferenzierte Liposarkom und das pleomorphe Liposarkom. In diesem Beitrag werden publizierte Daten und Erfahrungen mit unterschiedlichen systemischen Therapieoptionen in den verschiedenen Therapielinien sowie ein Überblick über experimentelle Therapieansätze präsentiert.

Abstract

Just a few years ago, all patients with metastatic soft tissue sarcoma received the same chemotherapy drugs. However, it is now recognised that the various sarcoma subtypes are different tumours with distinct genetic alterations and different biological behaviour, so that histology-specific treatment protocols have been increasingly implemented in recent years. This is also the case for the different subtypes of liposarcoma – the myxoid/round cell variant, as well as dedifferentiated and pleomorphic liposarcoma. This article will present published data and the authorsʼ experience with the various systemic treatment options. both in first line and in subsequent lines of treatment, as well as a brief overview of experimental treatment approaches.

Schlüsselwörter

Liposarkom - Chemotherapie - Sarkom - myxoid - dedifferenziert - pleomorph

Key words

liposarcoma - chemotherapy - sarcoma - myxoid - dedifferentiated - pleomorphic

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